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Earth Science 11 > Astronomy > Flashcards

Astronomy Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the definition for astronomy?

A

The study of the Universe

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2
Q

What is a constellation?

A

A group of stars that form a pattern in the sky.

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3
Q

What is the Polaris?

A

A bright star located within a degree of the north pole.

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4
Q

What is the EM Spectrum?

A

A spectrum based on the range of all possible frequencies of electromagnetic radiation.

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5
Q

What is the Emission spectrum?

A

A spectrum based on the amount of electromagnetic radiation a source emits.

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6
Q

​What is the Absorption spectrum?

A

A spectrum based on how much radiation is absorbed by a substance when electromagnetic radiation is transmitted through.

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7
Q

​What is the Astronomical unit?

A

A unit of measurement that is 149,597,871 kilometers, it is also the approximate distance from the center of the sun to the center of Earth.

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8
Q

What is the definition of a light year?

A

The distance at which light travels in a year, about 9.5 trillion km.

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9
Q

What is luminosity? (astrology)

A

The brightness of a star

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10
Q

What is a nebula?

A

Is a cloud of gas and dust in space.

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11
Q

What is a ​proto-star?

A

A large glowing dust cloud that could eventually become a star.

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12
Q

What is a ​red giant?

A

Red stars that are cooler and brighter then blue/white stars.

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13
Q

What is ​fusion?

A

The process and result of joining two or more things together to form a single entity.

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14
Q

​what is a white dwarf?

A

Is formed when a small star has used all its central fuel and lost its outer layers.

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15
Q

What is a ​supernova?

A

An intensely bright object caused by a red giant star that exploded.

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16
Q

​What is a neutron star? The dense core left after a large star exploded

A

The dense core left after a large star exploded.

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17
Q

What is a black hole?

A

Objects in space whose gravitational forces are so strong that not even rays of light can escape.

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18
Q

What is a ​galaxy?

A

A group of millions, or even billions of stars held together by gravity.

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19
Q

What is a​ globular cluster?

A

A large and compact circular start cluster.

20
Q

What is a ​quasar?

A

It is a distant radio sources that resemble stars, except for they are larger

21
Q

What is The ​Big Bang?

A

It’s a theory in which the universe was originally created by a dense sphere of hydrogen that exploded into our ever growing/expanding universe

22
Q

What is an Astronomical unit?

A

A unit of measurement equal to 149.6 million kilometers, it is also the distance from the center of the earth to the center of the sun.

23
Q

What is a Period of rotation?

A

Is the period in which the planet completes a full rotation

24
Q

What is a ​Period of revolution?

A

is the period in which the planet completes a full loop of it orbital course

25
Q

What is the ​corona?

A

is the sun’s outer atmosphere, that is above the chromosphere

26
Q

What is a chromosphere?

A

a layer of the sun’s atmosphere that is located just above the photosphere

27
Q

What is a ​photosphere?

A

is the visible yellow surface of the sun

28
Q

What is a ​solar flare?

A

is a sudden burst of energy that comes from areas of sunspot activity

29
Q

What is a sunspot?

A

a dark area on the sun’s atmosphere

30
Q

What is ​solar wind?

A

a stream of electrically-charged particles that are blown out from the sun in all directions

31
Q

What is a planet?

A

is a celestial body moving in orbit around a star

32
Q

What is a moon?

A

Is any natural satellite of a planet

33
Q

What is the force of gravity?

A

is when, objects with mass attract one another

34
Q

What is a ​ellipse? is a regular oval shape

A

is a regular oval shape

35
Q

What is eccentricity?

A

the change of a curve or orbit from circularity

36
Q

What is ​a perihelion?

A

the spot at which the orbit of a planet, asteroid, or comet at which it is closest to the sun

37
Q

What is aphelion?

A

the spot at which the orbit of a planet, asteroid, or comet at which it is furthest to the sun

38
Q

What is Kepler’s Laws(3)?

A

The first out of three laws state that planets move in elliptical orbits with the sun at one focus. The second states that the radius vector of a planet sweeps out equal areas in equal times. The third law relates the distances of the planets from the sun to their orbital periods.

39
Q

What is an Asteroid Belt?

A

the region of space between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter in which most asteroids are located

40
Q

What is ​an asteroid?

A

Is any small celestial bodies composed of rock and metal that move around the sun.

41
Q

What is a dwarf planet?

A

It is a celestial body resembling a small planet but lacking certain technical criteria that are required for it to be classed as such.

42
Q

What are Terrestrials?

A

It is representing the earth as distinct from other planets, meaning anything Earth bond is terrestrial.

43
Q

What is a meteorite/meteoroid?

A

Is a small body moving in the solar system that would become a meteor if it entered the earth’s atmosphere.

44
Q

What are ​Jovian’s?

A

is and adjective referring to the planet Jupiter.

45
Q

What is a ​comet?

A

is a chunk of frozen gasses, ice, and rocky debris that orbits the Sun

46
Q

What is a ​coma?

A

is a diffuse cloud of gas and dust surrounding the nucleus of a comet.

47
Q

What is ​a nucleus of a comet?

A

It is a solid part of the head of a comet.

Earth Science 11 (1 decks)

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