Astrology

Question 1

Order of the Plants

Answer 1

Sun, Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus Neptune

Question 2

Geocentric model

Answer 2

Earth-centered and all the planets orbit around the earth. Elliptical orbits

Question 3

Heliocentric Model

Answer 3

Sun in the center and the Planets orbit around it.

Question 4

Elliptical Orbit

Answer 4

when an object moves around another object in an ovular motion. All planets elliptically orbit around the sun.

Question 5

Astronomical Units

Answer 5

The amount of distance from the EARTH to the SUN

Question 6

Light Years

Answer 6

The distance of how far light travels in a year

Question 7

Star Formation

Answer 7

1. GIANT GAS CLOUD PHASEinitial collapse of an interstellar cloud–made up of dust and gas
2. PROTOSTAR PHASE the cloud fragments form clumps then collapses due to gravity
3. T-AURI PHASE is where the materials stop falling into the gas cloud and then it releases energy. The core cannot support nuclear fusion
4. MAIN SEQUENCE. it is now hot enough to support the fusion conversion of hydrogen to helium in its core. Gives off a lot of energy
5. RED GIANT PHASE–once the star runs out of hydrogen to convert, it collapses on itself and expands. subgiant star then red giant. It is cooler than a main-sequence star so it appears red instead of yellow
6. THE FUSION OF HEAVIER ELEMENTS–helium fuses at the core and it expands. Once the helium fusion ends the core starts fusing carbon after the core shrinks–continues until iron is formed. iron causes the core to collapse–causes supernovas in big stars and small stars turn into white dwarfs
7. SUPERNOVAE AND NEBULAE–most of the star is blasted away but the core turns into a neutron which turns into a black hole. Less massive nebula turn into white dwarfs.

Question 8

Proto-plant hypothesis

Answer 8

very small objects stuck together and formed plants and very very large planets like Jupiter. The sun and other planets were essentially made from the same cloud.

Question 9

Inner planets

Answer 9

tend to be rocky, shorter orbits, shorter spins.

mercury, venus, earth, mars

Question 10

Outer planets

Answer 10

Big and gasoues

jupiter, saturn, uranus, neptune

Question 11

Asteroids

Answer 11

a small rocky body orbiting around the sun

asteroid belt between jupiter and saturn

Question 12

Comets

Answer 12

made up of dust and ice. The “tail” glows when it is close to the sun because heat is being released aka melting.

Question 13

Meteoroids

Answer 13

small piece of rock flying through space with no particular pattern of orbit

Question 14

Meteor

Answer 14

once a meteoroid enters earth’s atmosphere, it is now considered a meteor

Question 15

Meteorite

Answer 15

once a meteoroid settles on a moon etc it is now called a meteorite

Question 16

Altitude

Answer 16

The angle directly above the earth–measured from 0-90ºs.

An object that is directly overhead (with an altitude of 90 degrees) does not have an azimuth and is said to be at its zenith because it is just straight up

Question 17

Azimuth

Answer 17

compass direction–measured clockwise from North. (0-359º)

Question 18

Zenith

Answer 18

the angle between the sun and the vertical

Question 19

how does a rocket work?

Answer 19

every action has an equal opposite reaction. In a rocket pressurized gas is let out of a chamber propelling the rocket to be thrust in the opposite direction (up). vary of ingredients like liquid oxygen, liquid hydrogen, and or gasoline.

Question 20

Ion drives

Answer 20

newer technology for rocket propullsion–use electrically charged xenon gas to propel. weaker than a chemically generated rocket propeller but can last longer times–fuel reduction.

Question 21

Solar Sails

Answer 21

harness’ the suns light to propel a spacecraft forwards. when the electromagnetic radiation from the sun reaches the carbon fibre of the sail–the transmitted energy moves it.

Question 22

Rocket parts

Answer 22

nose cone, propulsion chamber, nozzle, fins, and payload

Question 23

exhaust velocity

Answer 23

how efficeitnly a mass thing creates thrust

Question 24

Hazards of living in space

Answer 24

gravity, waste management, food/water/oxygen resources, fuel/energy, temperature, radiation exposure, pressure.

Question 25

Different types of satelites

Answer 25

communications satelite
navigation satelite
remote sensing satelite
geocentric orbit type satelites LEO MEO HEO
global positioning system GPS
geostationary satelites
drone satelites
ground satelites
polar satelites
nano satelites

Question 26

how do satelites works?

Answer 26

basically can recieve and send signals from earth and back to it using transmitter of radio signals.
-orbits around something

Question 27

geosynchronous orbit

Answer 27

High earth orbit that allows the satellites to match earths orbit
internet sats

Question 28

low earth orbit

Answer 28

marks the start of space

-weather sats

Question 29

optical refracting and reflecting, combo telescopes

Answer 29

refracting telescopes have lenses in their objective tubes
reflecting telescopes have an objective mirror
combo telescopes use a combination of both telescopes

Question 30

how a simple telescope works

Answer 30

Objective lens: large lends near the front of the telescope
Ocular lens: part closest to your eye to view magnify objects
Light is being bent thought the objective eyes bent to the ocular lens bent to your eyeball bent to ur retina

Question 31

Interferometry

Answer 31

basically connecting two telescopes to a computer to produce higher quality images–creates something equivalent to two telescopes but in one.

twin Keck telescope

Question 32

adaptive optics

Answer 32

Stars twinkle because the Earth’s atmosphere reflects their light randomly because of gases and junk in the atmosphere.

To combat this problem, telescopes are no connected to computers, which use mirror to adjust to the movement of Earth’s atmosphere

or just put the telescope in space lol

Question 33

Triangulation

Answer 33

Given the length of a baseline and both angles between he baseline and the sight lines to the object, the object’s location can be calculated

The longer the baseline, the more accurately the estimated location of the object will be.

uses geometry to measure the apparent distance between two objects in the sky

Question 34

Parallax

Answer 34

the apparent shift in location from two different locations

Question 35

Hubble telescope

Answer 35

Cassegrain reflector telescope.

Light from celestial objects travels down a tube, is collected by a bowl-like, curved inward primary mirror and reflected toward a smaller, dome-shaped, outwardly curved secondary mirror.

Question 36

radio telescope

Answer 36

Radio wave images dont get messed up by the dust etc in the atmosphere like light waves do. They penetrate through dust clouds.

they reflect off the fish and focus on the tip

If two radio telescopes are separated by some distance but connected electronically, their signals can be connected using a computer

Question 37

EMR

Answer 37

Light isn’t the only type of radiation coming from the stars–electromagnetic radition

Light is just one form of electromagnetic radiation

Other forms include: Radio Waves, Infrared Waves, Ultraviolet Waves, X-Rays, and Gamma Rays.

Question 38

Spectroscopy

Answer 38

Vapours of different elements give off different colours when heated to incandescent (when something is hot enough to glow)

If this incandescence is viewed with a spectroscope, different spectral lines can be seen like a fingerprint–always going to be the same to that element and it is unique

Astronomers can match spectral lines emitted from starts with known spectral lines from elements, and determine the composition of of the star or its atmosphere

Spectroscopy also provides information about star movement based on the SHIFT of spectral lines (doppler effect)

Question 39

Doppler effect

Answer 39

Is the apparent change in the frequency of a wave caused by the relative motion between the source of the wave and the observer. So fast duck swimming would create compressed waves in front of it and less compressed behind it (moving towards you).

Question 40

Red vs blue wavelengths

Answer 40

red means that the wavelength is streched out and its on the longer side of the spectrum

blue means the wavelength is compressed and it is on the short side of the spectrum