Astro test 1

Question 1

Au

Answer 1

astronomical unit, from the earth to the sun

Question 2

celestial object

Answer 2

Any object that exists in space

Question 3

star

Answer 3

A massive collection of gases, mainly hydrogen held together by its own gravity and emitting huge amount of energy

Question 4

luminous

Answer 4

Producing and giving off light shining

Question 5

planet

Answer 5

A large round celestial object that travels around a star, and dominates its orbit

Question 6

solar system

Answer 6

The sun and all the objects that travel around it

Question 7

satellite

Answer 7

A celestial object that travels around the planet/dwarf planet(natural or man made)

Question 8

galaxy

Answer 8

A huge rotating collection of gas, dust, and billions of stars, planets, and other celestial objects. (Ours is the Milky Way)

Question 9

corona

Answer 9

The outer layer of the solar atmosphere – the gleaming, white, halo – like corona extends millions of kilometres into space

Question 10

sunspots

Answer 10

dark spots appearing under sun surface that are cooler than the area surrounding them (electromagnetic field)

Question 11

solar flare

Answer 11

Gases and charged particles expelled above an active sunspot solar flare is made out of plasma and can end up knocking out all devices on earth and space if they get too big

Question 12

aurora boreal is

Answer 12

A display of shifting colours in the northern sky caused by solar particles colliding with matter in earths upper atmosphere

Question 13

dwarf planets

Answer 13

A celestial object that orbits the sun and has spherical shape, but does not dominate its orbit(tilted)

Question 14

asteroid

Answer 14

Small, rocky body, typically in the asteroid belt

Question 15

comet

Answer 15

A celestial object made a frozen ice, gas, dust that orbits the sun. When it heats up its dust and gas, forming a glowing tail, icy tail away from the sun.

Question 16

meteoroids

Answer 16

Fragments of collisions among asteroids, comets moons and planets among the smallest space rocks that orbit the sun

Question 17

meteor

Answer 17

Another word for shooting star, what a meteoroid becomes once it enters, earths atmosphere, heat up due to air resistance

Question 18

meteorite

Answer 18

Rocky space fragment that does not burn up in the atmosphere and strikes the Earth

Question 19

meteor shower

Answer 19

Mainly occur when clouds of particles left behind by comets, enter the atmosphere of a planet, such as earth

Question 20

equinox

Answer 20

The time of year when the hours of daylight equal the hours of darkness

Question 21

eclipse

Answer 21

A darkening of a celestial object due to the position of another celestial object

Question 22

solstice

Answer 22

an astronomical event that occurs two times each year, June 21 and December 21. When the tilt of earth axis is the most inclined toward or away from the sun, causing the position of the sun in the sky to appear to reach its northernmost or southern most extreme.

Question 23

constellation

Answer 23

A grouping of stars as observed from earth

Question 24

moon facts

Answer 24

-the moon completes one rotation on its axis in about the same time it takes to complete one revolution around esrth. the result of this is that the same side of the moon faces the esrth at all times.
-mercury and venus don’t have moons
-jupiter and saturn have the most moons

Question 25

characteristics of the sun

Answer 25

it is 4.5b years old and is estimated to have a 10b life span
-made of 91% hydrogen, 8.9% helium which is it’s “fuel”
-gravity of the sun holds the solar system tg
-the sun is a medium sized star
-it is 1 AU away from esrth
-it has a solar mass of 1
-luminosity of 1

Question 26

difference between solar and lunar eclipse

Answer 26

a solar eclipse takes place when the moon takes a position in front of the sun, making only the corona visibke to humans, the suns rays beam towards the moon, casting a shadow on esrth. a lunar eclipse is when the earth is positioned between the sun and the moon, casting a shadow on the moon

Question 27

correct order of planets

Answer 27

mercury, venus, earth,mars,astroid belt , jupiter. saturn, uranus, neptune

Question 28

planets and their moons

Answer 28

saturn and juliter have the most moons, while mercury and venus have 0. esrth has 1

Question 29

parts of the sun

Answer 29

1. corona
   2.chromosohefe
   3.photosohere
   4.convective zone
   5.radiative zone
   6.core - 15000000 degrees celsius

Question 30

comets

Answer 30

comet examples: halleys comet, hale-bop comet

Question 31

stonehenge

Answer 31

who built it and why remains a mystery
-its known that the alignment of the monument is so precise that at sunrise on summer solstice every year, the suns first rays strike a particular stone
-each rock weighs 22 tons
-

Question 32

planet orbits

Answer 32

planets have an elliptical orbit (egg shaped or oval)

Question 33

constellation info

Answer 33

-ursa major is a bear
-the big dipper is part of the ursa major
-orion the hunter is a big one
-3 stars in orion’s belt / the canoe line up perfectly with the three pyramids in egypt

Question 34

milky way

Answer 34

milky way is a spiral galaxy and is ours

Question 35

seasons of north america

Answer 35

the esrth sun distance is not enough to cause the changes of the seasons, seasons change primarily because of the earths tilt. using diagram, the curvature of the earth makes the sun rays bounce off, causing winter. it’s the opposite in south america

Question 36

size of moon vs sun

Answer 36

sun is 400x larger than moon, but also 400x away away from the moon, causing it to look roughly the same size from earth

Question 37

what does our solar system consist of

Answer 37

8 planets, 5 official dwarf planets, the sun, hundreds of moons, thousands of comets and astroids

Question 38

au can measure distances within our solar system, but we need light years for measuring outside distances