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PH 263 > astro > Flashcards

astro Flashcards

1
Q

What is the ecliptic?

A

The plane of Earth’s orbit around the sun.

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2
Q

What are the equinoxes?
Name the two.

A

The two points where the Earth’s projected equator crosses the ecliptic.
1. Vernal - southern
2. Autumnal - northern

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3
Q

What is the 0 hour line?

A

The celestial sphere line running over the 0 longitude line.

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4
Q

What is the parallax?

A

Objects that are closer appear to move against the objects far away when the observer moves a long distance.

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5
Q

What is declination?

A

The angular distance of an object perpendicular to the celestial equator. It is positive to the north and negative to the south.

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6
Q

What is right ascension?

A

The angular distance from the vernal equinox to the place where hour line crossing the object crosses the celestial equator.

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7
Q

What is one hour of RA in degrees?

A

360’/24h = 15’

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8
Q
  1. Where are solar systems made?
  2. What are young planets called?
A
  1. in nebulae
  2. planetesimals
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9
Q
  1. What is the disk shape of our solar system like?
  2. In which direction do planets rotate?
  3. I which direction do planets revolve?
A
  1. Planets orbit on nearly the same plane.
  2. Counter-clockwise
  3. Counter-clockwise (except Venus, Uranus, Pluto)
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10
Q

What are the two planetary types? Give examples.

A
  1. Terrestrial - Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars
  2. Jovian - Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune
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11
Q

Name 3 types of space debris

A
  1. Commets
  2. Meteors
  3. Astroids
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12
Q

What is a galaxy?

A

A huge group of stars.

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13
Q

Give 4 points on planet Mercury.

A
  1. Closest planet to the sun.
  2. Is the fastest orbiting planet.
  3. Weight on Mercury is 38% of the weight on Earth.
  4. The temperature on one side can be as high as 400’C, while the other side can be as low as -170’C.
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14
Q

Give 5 point on Venus.

A
  1. The pressure is 90% as that on Earth.
  2. The weight is 91% as that on Earth.
  3. Has volcanoes.
  4. Used to have oceans, they have boiled away.
  5. Rotates clockwise.
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15
Q

Give 4 points on Earth.

A
  1. Warm enough to keep the water from freezing, cold enough to keep the water from boiling.
  2. Temperature is between 13 - 37’C
  3. Earth day = 23hrs 56mins
  4. Earth year = 365 days
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16
Q

Give 4 points on Mars.

A
  1. Air pressure is similar to that of 30km above Earth’s.
  2. Water is in the form of ice.
  3. Has a volcanic history.
  4. Tallest mountain is x3 higher than Mt. Everest.
17
Q

Give 4 points on Jupiter.

A
  1. The largest planet on the solar system.
  2. Has a Giant Red Spot, which is a storm system that is about 400 years.
  3. Has the shortest day (10hrs).
  4. Pressure is very high.
18
Q

Give 4 points on Saturn.

A
  1. The second largest planet on the solar system.
  2. Is 95 times bigger than Earth.
  3. Has the largest set of rings that are made of icy particles.
  4. Has the most moons(83).
19
Q

Give 2 points on Uranus.

A
  1. Is tilted 90’
  2. Appears blue-green in color.
20
Q

Give 2 points on Neptune.

A
  1. Has visual belts of clouds.
  2. The internal system releases thermal energy to its outer layers.
21
Q

What is a comet? 2points

A
  1. Comets are made out of rock, dust, gas and ice.
  2. The come from the outer region of the solar system.
22
Q

What are the 4 parts of a comet?

A
  1. The nucleus
  2. The coma
  3. The ion tail
  4. the dust tail
23
Q

What is an astroid? 2points

A
  1. Large pieces of irregular space rock.
  2. Planetoids orbiting the Sun.
24
Q

1.What is a meteoroid? 1points
2. What is a meteor?
3. What is a meteorite?

A
  1. Pieces of space rock that are smaller than an astroid.
  2. A meteoroid that enters the Earth’s atmosphere.
  3. A meteor that lands on the Earth.
25
Q

What is Kepler’s first law?

A

Planets follow elliptical orbits with the Sun at one focus.

26
Q
  1. What is Kepler’s second law?
  2. What can be taken from it?
A
  1. A planet covers an equal area in an equal amount of time as it moves in its orbit.
  2. A planet moves faster when it is closer to the Sun.
27
Q

What is Kepler’s third law?

A

The square of the periodic time, is directly proportional to the cube of the average distance to the planet from the Sun.

28
Q

1.What is a geosynchronous satellite?
2. Uses?

A

1.A satellite with a period of 1 day.
2.
- Space communication
- Internet
- Voice communication
- TV and radio broadcasting

29
Q

1.What is a geostationary satellite?
2.Uses?

A
  1. A satellite that orbits above Earth’s equator and rotates in the same direction as Earth, with a period of 1 day.
    • Communication
    • Weather forecasting
    • Mapping

PH 263 (1 decks)

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