Astigmatism and Presbyopia

Question 1

It is when parallel rays of light enter the eye (with accommodation relaxed) and do not come to a single point focus on or near the retina.

Answer 1

Astigmatism

Question 2

When the crystalline lens has an unequal curvature on the surface or in its layers.

Answer 2

Lenticular Astigmatism

Question 3

Total Astigmatism = _____ + residual

Answer 3

Corneal

Question 4

With-the-rule astigmatism in minus lenses lies on what axis?

Answer 4

1-30;150-180

Question 5

When one of the principal meridians is focused behind the retina and the other is focused on the retina (with accommodation relaxed)

Answer 5

Simple Hyperopic Astigmatism

Question 6

When both principal meridians are focused either in front or behind the retina (with accommodation relaxed)

Answer 6

Compound Astigmatism

Question 7

What are the two types of Symmetric Astigmatism?

Answer 7

Homologous and Heterologous

Question 8

Give one symptom of Astigmatism

Answer 8

Letter confusion

Question 9

Give a clinical test used for Astigmatism.

Answer 9

Keratometry

Question 10

The first accurate description of Astigmatism as such is credited to ________.

Answer 10

Thomas Young

Question 11

Give two examples of Astigmatic Charts.

Answer 11

Clock Dial and Fan Dial

Question 12

Refractive condition in which a variation of power exists in different meridians of the eye.

Answer 12

Astigmatism

Question 13

True or False. In general, there is a significant difference between males and females when it comes to astigmatism.

Answer 13

False

Question 14

True or False. In Symmetrical Astigmatism, the sum of two axes of the two eyes equals 180 degrees.

Answer 14

True

Question 15

True or False. Infants are born with WTR Astigmatism

Answer 15

False

Question 16

The inability of the human eye to focus on objects up close that results with aging.

Answer 16

Presbyopia

Question 17

Presbyopia usually starts at what age?

Answer 17

40-50

Question 18

Presbyopia is also called as?

Answer 18

Short Arm Syndrome

Question 19

Presbys:____;Ops:______

Answer 19

old;eye

Question 20

It is a theory which proposes that presbyopia is due to changes in the lens.

Answer 20

H-H-G Theory

Question 21

It is the earliest stage of Presbyopia.

Answer 21

Incipient Presbyopia

Question 22

Condition which can still be overcome by a hard or forced ciliary effort.

Answer 22

Facultative Presbyopia

Question 23

It is a loss of accommodation inside the eye.

Answer 23

Presbyopia

Question 24

DDNN stands for?

Answer 24

Dominant-Distance;NonDominant-Near

Question 25

Presbyopia in which virtually no accommodative ability remains.

Answer 25

Absolute Presbyopia

Question 26

A theory which proposes that Presbyopia is muscle-based.

Answer 26

D-D-F Theory

Question 27

True or False. Weakening of the CIliary Muscles is one of the etiology of Presbyopia.

Answer 27

True

Question 28

True or False. Presbyopia is the advancement of near point with increasing age.

Answer 28

False

Question 29

True or False. One symptom of Presbyopia is Diplopia.

Answer 29

True

Question 30

True or False. Presbyopia can be manages using Bifocal Lenses.

Answer 30

True