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Primary Eye and Vision Care > Astigmatism and Presbyopia > Flashcards

Astigmatism and Presbyopia Flashcards

1
Q

It is due to a distortion of the cornea and/or lens

A

Astigmatism

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2
Q

It is also known as “short arm syndrome”

A

Presbyopia

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3
Q

when the cornea has unequal curvature on the anterior surface

A

Corneal Astigmatism

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4
Q

When the crystalline lens has an unequal curvature on the surface or in its layers

A

Lenticular Astigmatism

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5
Q

The sum of corneal astigmatism and residual astigmatism

A

Total Astigmatism

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6
Q

Give 1 Residual Astigmatism

A

Posterior Corneal Surface

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7
Q

It is when the two principal meridians are perpendicular to each other

A

Regular Astigmatism

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8
Q

When the greatest refractive power is within 030 of the oblique meridians

A

Oblique Astigmatism

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9
Q

When the two principal meridians are not perpendicular to each other

A

Irregular Astigmatism

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10
Q

The sum of the two axes of the two eyes equals approximately 180

A

Symmetrical Astigmatism

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11
Q

The sum of the two axes of the two eyes does not equal approximately to 180

A

Asymmetrical Astigmatism

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12
Q

The first accurate description of astigmatism is credited to

A

Thomas Young

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13
Q

He was the first one to produce a distance test charts for astigmatism

A

John Green

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14
Q

Give 1 example of test chart for Astigmatism

A

Fan Dial

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15
Q

Give 1 example of test chart for Astigmatism

A

Clock Dial

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16
Q

When both principal meridians are focused in front of the retina

A

Compound Myopic Astigmatism

17
Q

It is one the theories of Presbyopia where it is lens based

A

H-H-G Theory

18
Q

It is a condition which can still be overcome by a hard or forced ciliary effort

A

Facultative Presbyopia

19
Q

It is the earliest stage at which symptoms or clinical findings document the near vision effects of the condition

A

Incipient Presbyopia

20
Q

Give 1 causes of sclerosis

A

Nutritional changes

21
Q

Give 1 causes of sclerosis

A

Action to UV rays

22
Q

Give at least 1 symptoms of Presbyopia

A

Occipital headache

23
Q

Give at least 1 symptoms of Presbyopia

A

Diplopia

24
Q

Give at least 1 determination of proper add

A

Amplitude of Accommodation

25
Q

Give at least 1 determination of proper add

A

Cross-cylinder technique

26
Q

Give at least 1 determination of proper add

A

Near Chart VA

27
Q

Give at least 1 optical correction for Presbyopia

A

Bifocals

28
Q

It is the maximum increase in optical power that an eye can achieve in adjusting its focus from as far as possible

A

Amplitude of Accommodation

29
Q

The condition in which virtually no accommodative ability remains

A

Absolute Presbyopia

30
Q

Give at least 1 sign for Presbyopia

A

Recession of near point

Primary Eye and Vision Care (1 decks)

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