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Test 5 focus > Asthma, epiglottitis, etc > Flashcards

Asthma, epiglottitis, etc Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 4 categories of asthma?

A

Mild intermittent, mild persistent, moderate persistent, severe persistent.

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2
Q

What defines mild intermittent asthma, and what meds are used to treat it?

A

Symptoms < 2 days per week and <2 nights per month. Rescue meds only.

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3
Q

What defines mild persistent asthma, and what meds are used to treat it?

A

Symptoms 2 days per week(< 1 per day) and > 2 nights per month. Rescue meds and low dose inhaled steroids.

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4
Q

What defines moderate persistent asthma, and what meds are used to treat it?

A

Daily symptoms and > 1 night per week. Low dose steroids, beta 2’s, and rescue meds.

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5
Q

What defines severe persistent asthma, and what meds are used to treat it?

A

Continuous symptoms during the day and frequent nighttime symptoms.. High dose steroids, beta 2’s, and rescue meds.

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6
Q

What is an important teaching point for those taking inhaled steroids?

A

Rinse mouth, brush teeth after using them.

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7
Q

In what 3 ways does asthma affect the lungs/bronchi?

A

Inflammation, constriction, and excess mucous production.

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8
Q

What is theophyline, and what is a major nursing measure we perform when a patient is using it?

A

It is a xanthine(bronchodilator), mostly used in emergency rooms. Levels must be monitored.

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9
Q

What are some steroids used for asthma?

A

Flovent, Advair, and Pulmacort.

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10
Q

What long term bronchodilator is mentioned in her power point?

A

Serovent (salmeterol)

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11
Q

What is cromolyn?

A

A mast cell stabilizer.

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12
Q

Name the 3 rescue inhalers mentioned in the power point.

A

Albuterol, turbutaline, and metaproterinol.

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13
Q

What are some interventions for asthma?

A

Exercise, chest physiotherapy (cupping, and the oft mentioned flutter vest!), hyposensitization, and the all important 4th bullet in that slide, PROGNOSIS?

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14
Q

How would you define status asthmaticus

A

When interventions cannot relieve respiratory distress.

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15
Q

What is the best way to manage asthma?

A

Learn and avoid triggers.

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16
Q

CF is an ________ __________ dysfunction that affects what body systems?

A

Exocrine gland. Mainly pancreatic and resperatory, but also GI, repro, and

17
Q

How is epiglottitis prevented?

A

The HIB vaccine.

18
Q

What are the clinical manifestations of epiglottitis?

A

Sore throat, pain, tripod, retractions, inspiratory stridor, mild hypoxia, and general distress.

19
Q

What S/S of CF are manifested in the digestive tract?

A

Steartorrhea (frothy stools from excess fat), and azotorrhea (foul smelling stool from undigested proteins)

20
Q

What is often the first postnatal S/S of CF?

A

Meconium illeus.

21
Q

What is the best tests for CF?

A

The chloride sweat test. Sodium will be 2-5 times greater.

22
Q

Doses CF lead to Alkalosis or acidosis?

A

Acidosis.The sweat is alkalitic.

23
Q

Respiratory manifestations of CF can lead to what other complications?

A

Pulmonary hypertension, cor pulmonale, respiratory failure, death.Can also lead to diabetes.

24
Q

_. _______(a pathogen prevalent in CF patients) is extremely virulent and results in ____________.

A

B. Cepacia. Bacteremia, pulmonary deterioration, death.

25
Q

What are some GI manifestations of CF?

A

Enzyme deficiency, COPD, sweat gland dysfunction, FTT, weight loss.

26
Q

WHat are some S/S of CF?

A

Patchy atelectasis, cyanosis, clubbing, repeated bronchitis and pneumonia.

27
Q

How does CF affect the reproductive system?

A

Delayed puberty in females and sterility in males.

28
Q

How is CF treated?

A

CPT, bronchodilator, forced expiration, aggressive Tx of infections, home IV, aerosol ATB therapy, lung transplant.

29
Q

How can otitis media be prevented?

A

Reduce pacifier use after 6 months, don’t prop the bottle, limit 2nd hand smoke.

30
Q

What is the main symptom of croup syndromes?

A

Barking cough.

31
Q

What illnesses are included in croup syndromes?

A

Epiglottitis, laryngitis, laryngotracheobronchitis(LTB), and tracheitis.

32
Q

Reactive airway disease includes _____,______, and ________.

A

Croup syndromes, asthma, and bronchiolitis.

33
Q

RAD is _____, ______, amd __________.

A

reversible, self-limiting, and responsive to Tx.

34
Q

What are the 3 types of dehydration. Describe each one.

A

Isotonic (lose water and lytes equally), hypotonic (lose more lytes), and hypertonic (lose less lytes).

35
Q

What are a childs fluid requirements?

A

100ml/kg for the first 10 kg, 50 ml/kg for the nest 10kg, and 20ml/kg for any above 20kg

Test 5 focus (1 decks)

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