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Pharm Test 5 > Asthma and Allergy > Flashcards

Asthma and Allergy Flashcards

1
Q

Beta2 Adrenergic Agonists- Classification

A

bronchodilator

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2
Q

Beta2 Adrenergic Agonists- Mech of Action

A
  • stimulate adenylyl cyclase causing increase of cAMP resulting in bronchodilatation
  • inhibits relase of mediators from mast cells that cause bronchospasm
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3
Q

Beta2 Adrenergic Agonists- Route of Administration

A
  • inhalation
  • oral
  • subcutaneous (terbutaline only)
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4
Q

Beta2 Adrenergic Agonists- Therapeutic Use

A
  • symptomatic relief of bronchospasm in acute asthma attacks
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5
Q

Beta2 Adrenergic Agonists- Unique Use

A
  • subcutaneous terbutaline for atatus asthmaticus

- bitolterol for nocturnal asthma

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6
Q

Beta2 Adrenergic Agonists- Side Effects

A
  • skeletal muscle tremor
  • anxiety
  • tachycardia
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7
Q

Theophylline- Classification

A

bronchodilator

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8
Q

Theophylline- Mech of Action

A
  • inhibits cAMP phophodiesterases causing increase of cAMP resulting in bronchodilation
  • competititive antagonist at adenosine receptors resulting in bronchodilation
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9
Q

Theophylline- Routes of Administration

A
  • oral

- slow IV over 40 min.

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10
Q

Theophylline- Therapeutic Use

A

maintenance therapy for chronic asthma

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11
Q

Theophylline- Unique Use

A

sustained-release oral theapy for nocternal asthma

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12
Q

Theophylline- Major Side Effects

A

NARROW THERAPEUTIC INDEX

  • fasciculations
  • generalized convulsions
  • tachycardia
  • circulatory collapse
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13
Q

Ipratropium Bromide- Classification

A

bronchodilator

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14
Q

Ipratropium Bromide- Mech of Action

A
  • antagonist at muscarinic receptors leading to decreased inositol triphosphate, causing decreased release of Ca ions from endoplasmic reticulum resulting in bronchodilatation
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15
Q

Ipratropium Bromide- Routes of Administration

A

inhalation

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16
Q

Ipratropium Bromide- Therapeutic Use

A

alone or in combination with beta2-adrenergic agonist in acute asthma attacks

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17
Q

Ipratropium Bromide- Unique Use

A

when a coexisting chronic bronchitis or cough is the predominant symptom in asthmatic patients

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18
Q

Ipratropium Bromide- Side Effects

A

local drying of mouth

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19
Q

Adrenal Corticosteroids- Classification

A

Anti-inflammatory agent

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20
Q

Adrenal Corticosteroids- Mech of Action

A
  • increases synthesis of lipomodulin, which inhibits phospholipase A2 which suppresses release of arachidonic acid, which inhibits release of leukotrienes and prostaglandins, resulting in bronchodilatation
21
Q

Adrenal Corticosteroids- Routes of Administration

A
  • inhalation
  • oral
  • IV
22
Q

Adrenal Corticosteroids- Therapeutic Use

A

maintenance therapy for chronic asthma

23
Q

Adrenal Corticosteroids- Unique Use

A

treats the underlying inflammation of asthma, reducing frequency and severity of attacks

24
Q

Adrenal Corticosteroids- Side Effects

A
  • systemic from oral therapy

- local such as oropharyngeal candidiasis, dysphonia, dry mouth and cough from inhalation therapy

25
Q

Cromolyn Sodium- Classification

A

anti-inflammatory agent

26
Q

Cromolyn Sodium- Mech of Action

A

decreases Ca influx by IgE Ab and thereby inhibits release of mediators from mast cells that cause bronchospasm

27
Q

Cromolyn Sodium- Routes of Administration

A

inhalation

28
Q

Cromolyn Sodium- Therapeutic Use

A

prophylactic therapy for preventing bronchospasm

29
Q

Cromolyn Sodium- Unique Use

A
  • prior to exercise challenge

- prior to cold air challenge

30
Q

Cromolyn Sodium- Side Effects

A

occasional coughing

31
Q

Zafirlukast- Classification

A

leukotriene inhibitor

32
Q

Zafirlukast- Mech of Action

A

complete with LTD4 at its receptor site on airway cells to block bronchoconstriction and inflammation

33
Q

Zafirlukast- Route of Administration

A

oral (on an empty stomach)

34
Q

Zafirlukast- Therapeutic Use

A

prophylactic therapy for preventing bronchospasm

35
Q

Zafirlukast- Unique Use

A
  • aspirin-induced asthma

- prior to cold-air challenge

36
Q

Zafirlukast- Side Effects

A
  • headache

- nausea

37
Q

Zileuton- Classification

A

leukotriene inhibitor

38
Q

Zileuton- Mech of Action

A

inhibits 5’-lipoxygenase to decrease production of leukotrienes

39
Q

Zileuton- Route of Administration

A

oral

40
Q

Zileuton- Therapeutic Use

A

prophylactic therapy for preventing bronchospasm

41
Q

Zileuton- Unique Use

A
  • exercise/aspirin-induced asthma

- nocturnal symptoms/nocturnal asthma

42
Q

Zileuton- Side Effects

A

contraindicated in patients with hepatic disease

43
Q

Omalizumab- Classification

A

monoclonal antibody

44
Q

Omalizumab- Mech of Action

A

forms complex with IgE which lowers serum free IgE preventing release of histamine and leukotrienes from mast cells

45
Q

Omalizumab- Route of Administration

A

subcutaneous

46
Q

Omalizumab- Therapeutic Use

A

prophylactic therapy for chronic asthma

47
Q

Omalizumab- Unique Use

A

none given

48
Q

Omalizumab- Side Effects

A

possible long-term risk of malignancy

Pharm Test 5 (1 decks)

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