Asthma Flashcards
Disease characterized by hyper-responsive airways, airway inflammation, and airway obstruction caused by bronchial smooth muscle constriction (bronchospasm) that is reversible.
Asthma
Which antibody does the body produce too much of in Extrinsic Asthma?
IgE
(E for Extrinsic)
Is extrinsic or intrinsic asthma more common?
Extrinsic Asthma
Which type of asthma is most often diagnosed in childhood?
Extrinsic Asthma
Type of Asthma with normal serum IgE
Intrinsic Asthma
When is intrinsic asthma most often diagnosed?
Adulthood
What are the 3 components of Samter’s Triad for Asthma?
Aspirin or NSAID Intolerance
Asthma
Nasal Polyps
What is one of the hallmark physical exam findings of a patient with Asthma?
Expiratory Wheezes
What test is used to diagnose Asthma?
Spirometry
A FEV1/FVC ration of what value would indicate obstruction?
≤ 0.7
How much must the ratio increase after a bronchodilator is administered to indicate reversibility?
> 12%
During a brochoprovocation test, a decrease in FEV1 of more than what value would indicate a positive test?
20%
A handheld portable way to assess the severity of symptoms of asthma. The normal values are based on age, height, and biologic sex.
Peak Expiratory Flow Rate
A diagnostic test that is more helpful in the acute setting with an exacerbation of asthma. It can help asses impeding respiratory failure.
ABG Test
What is the goal of management of a patient with Asthma?
Maintain ADLs
Reduce Exacerbation and Hospital Visits
What should every asthmatic be prescribed, regardless of the frequency of symptoms?
Rescue Inhaler
Medication used to treat Asthma. Works by binding to beta receptors and causes smooth muscle relaxation within minutes and last for 6 hours.
Albuterol
(SABA)
Medication used to treat Asthma. It is never given on its own and is often given with ICS.
Formoterol
(LABA)
Mainstay of treatment that is indicated for all persistent asthmatics. Has strong anti-inflammatory properties and improves lung function.
Inhaled Corticosteroids
(Budesonide and Fluticasone)
Medications that works synergistically with Albuterol and is often given together.
Ipratropium Bromide (Atrovent)
Name a Long-Acting Muscarinic Antagonist (LAMA)
Tiotropium
Name a leukotriene modiferier.
Montelukast (Singulair)
Name a monoclonal antibody that can be used to treat Asthma.
Omalizumab
In a patient with a Severe Asthma exacerbation, what is the target SpO2 percentage?
Greater than 90%
What mediations should be given to a patient with a Severe Asthma Exacerbation (Status Asthmaticus)
Albuterol + Ipratropium Bromide
Methylprednisone or Dexamethasone
Magnesium Sulfate
What can be used to drastically improve the medication delivery of an MDI?
Spacer
