ASTHMA Flashcards
Wheezing is a sign of asthma.
False.
Diagnosis of COPD is through a spirometry report.
True.
What is the magic number of the FEV1/FVC in the diagnosis of COPD?
0.7
Is asthma a reversible condition?
Yes, asthma is reversible.
Is asthma a chronic inflammatory disorder?
Yes, asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways.
Is asthma curable?
No, it is persistent.
Which cells are the main actors in the pathogenesis of asthma?
Mast cells and basophils.
What immune response triggers asthma?
IgE-mediated immune response.
Which hypothesis suggests that overzealous cleanliness during childhood leads to an increase in allergic responses?
The Hygiene Hypothesis.
What are predisposing factors for asthma?
Childhood respiratory infections,
TB infection,
smoking mothers during pregnancy,
malnutrition,
environmental factors, and
atopy.
What triggers asthma symptoms in the airways?
Airway obstruction due to intense bronchoconstriction and smooth muscle constriction.
What is the main difference between asthma and COPD in terms of reversibility?
Asthma is reversible, while COPD is irreversible.
Which respiratory condition has episodic bronchospasm, asthma or COPD?
Asthma.
What environmental factors commonly trigger asthma?
Cold air, strong emotions, airborne allergens (e.g., pollen, animal dander), and workplace triggers.
How do bronchodilators help asthma patients?
They relax smooth muscles and improve airflow.
What is a common trigger for asthma that can occur during workdays but not at home?
Workplace allergens.
How does gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) affect asthma?
GERD can trigger asthma by acid traveling to the upper airway, leading to airway hyperresponsiveness.
What family history is common in asthma patients?
Family history of asthma, rhinitis, or eczema.
What does the GINA report say about the pathogenesis of asthma?
Asthma involves chronic inflammation, airway hyperresponsiveness, and recurrent episodes of wheezing, breathlessness, chest tightness, and coughing.
What medication class is considered the cornerstone in the management of COPD?
Bronchodilators.
What is the difference between the airflow limitation in asthma and COPD?
Asthma involves reversible bronchoconstriction, while COPD involves irreversible narrowing and alveolar destruction.
What are LABA and LAMA drugs used for in the treatment of COPD?
LABA (long-acting beta agonists) and LAMA (long-acting muscarinic antagonists) are bronchodilators used to manage COPD symptoms.
What is a common component of inhalers for managing asthma?
Combination of LABA and ICS (Inhaled Corticosteroids).
What is a typical recommendation for patients with asthma and identified allergens?
Minimize exposure to allergens, especially in the home and workplace.
What is the role of corticosteroids in managing asthma?
Corticosteroids reduce inflammation and prevent exacerbations.
What type of medications are used to prevent asthma exacerbations?
Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS).
What should patients with COPD do if they are smokers?
They should stop smoking.
What is the recommended strategy for improving lung function in COPD patients?
Pulmonary rehabilitation, including exercises and psychosocial support.
What should be the focus of education for tobacco workers regarding COPD?
Educate them about the negative effects of tobacco and encourage quitting smoking.
Is vaping related to COPD?
Vaping causes acute lung injury but does not lead to chronic COPD.
How should patients with COPD be advised regarding vaccinations?
They should receive pneumococcal, influenza, and RSV vaccines to prevent infections.
What is the recommended course of action for a patient non-compliant to treatment?
Address their mindset, involve family, and be honest about the consequences of non-compliance.
Can inhaled corticosteroids be used to stabilize asthma?
Yes, they are used as controller medications in asthma.
Is asthma linked to an autoimmune response involving IgA vasculitis?
No, IgA vasculitis is not caused by asthma treatment; it is an autoimmune condition.
What are examples of oral bronchodilators?
Doxofylline, Aminophylline, Theophylline
What is an example of a parenteral bronchodilator?
Aminophylline
Name a short-acting beta-2 agonist bronchodilator.
Salbutamol
Terbutaline,
Levalbuterol,
Pirbuterol,
Isoetharine,
Bitolterol,
Fenoterol,
Procaterol
What is a long-acting beta-2 agonist bronchodilator?
(S-FA-COI)
Salmeterol
Formoterol,
Arformoterol,
Carmoterol,
Olodaterol,
Indacaterol
