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PULMONARY COMMON > ASTHMA > Flashcards

ASTHMA Flashcards

1
Q

Asthma is an Obstructive or Restrictive lung disease? Explain

A

Obstructive

-When a patient has asthma, it is hard for patient to EXHALE air

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2
Q

Asthma is Reversible or Irreversible?

A

REVERSIBLE

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3
Q

What happens to the bronchioles in Asthma?

A

-Inflamed

-Airway hyper-responsiveness

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4
Q

Health Education for Client with asthma?

A

-Smoking cessation

-Influenza and Pneumonia Vaccinations

-Avoid triggering events

-Regular exercise (Promotes Ventilation and Perfusion

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5
Q

What are the RF for Asthma?

A

Older Adult
Obesity
Gerd
Chronic Viral Infection

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6
Q

What are the 3 Expected findings in asthma?

A
  1. Dyspnea
  2. Anxiety
  3. Chest Tightness
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7
Q

What are the CM for asthma?

A

B - barrel chest / increased diameter
U - use of accessory muscle
M - mucus production
P - Poor 02 sat
P - prolonged exhalation

Wheezing + Cough

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8
Q

What is the most accurate test in diagnosing asthma?

A

PFT
Pulmonary Function Test

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9
Q

What would you see on Pulmonary Function Test of a client with Asthma?

A

Decreased FEV1 of 15% - 20% below the expected value

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10
Q

What could be the nursing care for client with asthma?

A

-High Fowler
-O2 Therapy
-Monitor Cardiac and Respiratory Rate and Rhythm

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11
Q

What is an example of Short acting beta2 agonist?

A

ALBUTEROL

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12
Q

What does Short acting beta2 agonist like ALBUTEROL do?

A

It causes DILATION of the bronchioles to:

  1. Relieve Wheezing
  2. Open airways
  3. Provides rapid relief of acute asthma
  4. Prevents “exercise-induced” asthma
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13
Q

What should you watch out for a patient taking ALBUTEROL?

A

Tremors
Tachycardia

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14
Q

Corticosteroid such as Prednisone and Fluticasone are what type of medication?

A

-Anti-inflammatory agents

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15
Q

What is a good client education for a client taking Prednisone?

A

Take it with food

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16
Q

How should you perform a peak flow meter for a patient with asthma?

A

DAILY

—> if you are only achieving a “RED ZONE”, use reliever medication and seek emergency care

17
Q

What are the 2 complications for asthma?

A
  1. Respiratory Failure
  2. Status Asthmaticus
18
Q

What could lead to Respiratory Failure?

A

Persistent HYPOXEMIA

19
Q

What could be a nursing action for patient experiencing Respiratory Failure?

A

-Monitor 02 levels and acid-base balance

-Intubation and Mechanical ventilation

20
Q

What is status asthmaticus?

A

Episode of airway obstruction that is unresponsive to common treatment

21
Q

what is the CM for status asthmaticus?

A

-Extreme Wheezing

-Labored Breathing

-Use of accessory muscle

-JVD

-risk for cardiac/respiratory arrest

22
Q

What could be a nursing action for patient experiencing Status Asthmaticus?

A

-Emergency Intubation

-IV Fluids, Oxygen, Bronchodilators, Epinephrine

23
Q

What are the other 3 manifestations of ASTHMA?

A

-Broncho-constriction
-Mucosal Edema
-Mucus production

24
Q

What triggers an asthma attack?

A

Smoking

25
Q

What does Sputum and Blood Test reveal for patient with asthma?

A

-Increase IgE

-Hypoxemia (because of airway obstruction)

-Hypocapnia (may lead to respiratory alkalosis)

26
Q

During the exacerbation of asthma, what happens to FEV1 and FVC?

A

DECREASED

27
Q

What should be obtained from the patient when collecting data?

A

Family Hx

Occupational Hx

28
Q

Why do patients with asthma needs fluid?

A

They are usually DEHYDRATED from diaphoresis and fluid loss from hyperventilation

29
Q

What does corticosteroid do?

A

decrease airway inflammation

30
Q

Why is O2 therapy needed for patients with asthma?

A

Relieves HYPOXEMIA

31
Q

What is the purpose of PEAK FLOW METER?

A

It helps to measure asthma severity

32
Q

Explain to a client on how to use the peak flow meter

A
  1. Stand up
  2. Place lips around the mouthpiece
  3. Take a deep breath
  4. EXHALE HARD AND FAST
  5. Record the achieved indicator

—> do it 3x and write the highest number

33
Q

What are the 4 Nursing Intervention for patients with asthma?

A

B - breathing assessment
L - Lung auscultation
E - Elevate HOB
S - Supplemental 02

PULMONARY COMMON (3 decks)

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