Asthma

Question 1

Definition

Answer 1

Is a chronic condition that affect airways of the lung (inflammation/narrowing) airways

Question 2

Etiology/Causes

Answer 2

Genetic factors, allergens, infections

Question 3

Pathogenesis

Answer 3

Allergic reaction - bronchoconstriction

Question 4

Symptoms

Answer 4

wheezing, dyspnea, chest tightness, cough

Question 5

Diagnosis

Answer 5

x-ray exam of chest
CBC - eosinophilia
spirometry (bef/aft bronchodilators)
bronchodilator test - after 15 min (FEV1)
reversibility - significant - mov after ICS
Allergen IgE

FEV1>12% and >200mL (asthma)
FEV1<12% and >200mL (COPD)

Question 6

Severity

Answer 6

Mild = step 1& 2
Mod = step 3
Severe = step 4 & 5

Question 7

Treatment

Answer 7

Steps 1 (SABA or low dose ICS)
Step 2 ( ICS / SABA)
Step 3 (low-dose ICS/LABA + SABA)
Step 4 or 5 ( ICS +LABA + Formoterol / ICS +LABA + SABA)

Question 8

Drugs

Answer 8

SABA - Salbutamol
LABA - Salmeterol
SAMA - Oxitropium
LAMA - Tiotropium
ICS - Butesonide

Question 9

Complications

Answer 9

Emphysema
Acute heart failure
lung atelectasis;