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MD1 2016 - Term 1 (PCP) > Associated Features and Common Causes > Flashcards

Associated Features and Common Causes Flashcards

1
Q

What are the associated features for:

CCF

A 
chest pain
PND
Orthopnoea
peripheral edema
SOB
cough
palpitations
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2
Q

What are the associated features for:

AMI (“chest pain”)

A

crushing central chest pain with radiation to the left jaw/arm
weakness
feeling of impending doom
light headedness

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3
Q

What are the associated features for:

Angina

A

dyspnoea
nausea
sweating

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4
Q

What are the associated features for:

Respiratory causes for dyspnoea (“trouble breathing”)

A 
wheeze
cough with/out sputum
hemoptysis
fever
LOW
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5
Q

What are the associated features for:

intermittent claudication

A

pain at rest
pain at night
paleness
Erectile dysfunction

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6
Q

What are the associated features for:

DVT

A

SOB
asymmetrical edema
unilateral calf pain of aching quality

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7
Q

What are the associated features for:

asthma

A

wheeze
tightness in the hest
cough

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8
Q

What are the associated features for:

GORD (Barrett’s Esophagus)

A

retrosternal burning chest pain lying down or after a meal

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9
Q

What are the common causes for leg pain?

A

muculoskeletal
intermittent claudication
DVT

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10
Q

What are the common causes of chest pain?

A 
angina
pericarditis
AMI
pneumothorax
pulmonary embolism
aortic aneurysm dissection
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11
Q

What are the common causes of TLOC?

A

vasovagal syncope
cardiogenic syncope
seizures

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12
Q

What are the common causes of leg swelling (peripheral edema)?

A

musculoskeletal
heart failure
DVT

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13
Q

What are the common causes of SOB (dyspnoea)?

A 
asthma
COPD
CCF
PE
pneumothorax
LRTI
pneumonia
AMI
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14
Q

What are the common causes of cough?

A 
URTI
post-nasal drip
smoking
acute and chronic bronchitis
GORD
psychogenic
lung cancer (primary and secondary) UPO>50yo
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15
Q

What are the common causes of hematemesis?

A

bleeding peptic or duodenal ulcer

esophageal cancer

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16
Q

What are the common causes of hemoptysis?

A

bronchitis
pneumonia
TB
lung cancer

17
Q

What are the common causes of chronic cough?

A

GORD
post nasal drip
chronic bronchitis

18
Q

What are the common causes of nocturnal cough?

A

post nasal drip
asthma
CCF

19
Q

What are the common causes of facial pain?

A

sinusitis

URTI

20
Q

What are the common causes of abdominal pain?

A 
Acute:
Appendicitis
Mittelschmerz (mid cycle period pain)
IBS
Mesenteric adenitis in kids
Chronic:
IBS
Mittelshcmerz
Peptic ulcer disease
Gastritis
Diverticulitis
NTBM:
Infection
Rupture
Malignancy
Hemorrhage
Ischemia or infarction
Pregnancy complications
21
Q

What are the common causes of dysphagia?

A

oropharyngeal dysphagia
esophageal dysphagia caused by obstruction
esophgeal dysphagia caused by motility problems

22
Q

What are the common causes of vomiting?

A

pregnancy in all women of reproductive age
infective (gastro, virus)
food poisoning
sensory causes (pain, smells, sight, fear)
drug induced: alcohol, NSAIDs, illicit drugs, ecstasy, the pill

23
Q

What are the common causes of diarrhea?

A 
Infective
toxin
drug (metformin, laxaties, antibiotics, anti-acid, colchicine, thyroxin misuse) 
Crohn's disease
ulcerative colitis 
giardia lamblia
celiac's disease
24
Q

What are the common causes of constipation?

A

Medications (calcium tablets, Ca2+ channel blockers, iron tablets, opiates, low thyroid)
Dietary
Sedentary lifestyle or immobilized
IBS
NTMB
Mechanical obstruction, such as colorectal cancer, pelvic tumour or polyps
Motility problems

25
Q

What are the common causes of rectal bleeding?

A

hemoorhoids
anal fissures
polyps
diverticulitis

26
Q

What are the common causes of dark urine or pale stools?

A 
Hepatic (reduced uptake, conjugation or excretion):
Hepatitis
Cancer
Fatty liver disease
Primary biliary stenosis

Post hepatic (obstruction):
Gall stones
Pancreatic or biliary Cancer
Cholangitis

27
Q

What are the common causes of jaundice?

A

Pre hepatic:

  • Malaria
  • Hemoglobinopathies

Hepatic (reduced uptake, conjugation or excretion):

  • Drugs (rifampicin, isoniazid, co amoxyclav)
  • Viral hepatitis
  • Alcoholic hepatitis
  • Cancer
  • Fatty liver disease
  • Primary biliary stenosis

Post hepatic (obstruction):

  • Gall stones
  • Cancer of pancreas or biliary
  • Cholangitis (inflammation of the biliary system)

MD1 2016 - Term 1 (PCP) (2 decks)

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