Associated Clinical Sciences Flashcards by Duke A

Tylenol; An antipyretic analgesic that causes liver damage (Hepatotoxic) ((irreversible liver damage))

Acetaminophen

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An absorbent; treats poisonings and overdoses following oral ingestion; binds poison and prevents absorption by the GI tract

Activated Charcoal

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Antiviral (herpes)

Acyclovir

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Decreases xanthine oxidase activity; used to treat chronic gout

Allopurinol

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A stimulant used to treat narcolepsy and ADHD

Amphetamine

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Sleeping pills can produce respiratory depression

Barbiturates

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Used to treat anxiety, side effect is termors; muscle relaxant

Benzodiazepine

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Given for hypertension and arrhythmias; blocks epinephrine and norepinephrine

Beta Blockers

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Cellular effecta od carboxy hemoglobin; associated with blue mucous membranes and cherry red lips.

Carbon Monoxide

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A drug used to treat schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders

Chlorpromazine

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Used to treat acute symptomatic gout

Colchicine

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An anticoagulant medication

Dicumerol

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Used to increase cardiac contractility (antiarrhythmic agent); overdose can cause a heart block.

Digitalis

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Best substance to remove lead from blood chelation therapy

EDTA

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A substance that makes you vomit; if toxic substance is taken by mouth normally then use an emetic to get rid of it (don’t use with gasoline).

Don’t vomit up something up that’s colosive.

Emetic

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Used in the treatment of anaphylactic shock

Epinephrine

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Removable of stomach contents via a pump followed by a saline rinse in order to eliminate poisons from the stomach; contraindications include corrosive substances, hydrocarbons, or poisons with effective antidote.

Gastric lavage

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Haloperidol is used to treat psychotic disorders (conditions that cause difficulty telling the difference between things of ideas that are real and things or ideas that are not real). Haloperidol is also used to control motor tics and verbal tics in adults and children who have Tourette’s disorder.

Haldol

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Blue gums; produces basophilic stippling of the RBS’s; seen among those who work in battery factories, with lead paint and in soil and water; affects the central nervous system; causes insomnia, delirium, tremors, cognitive deficits, convulsions and iron deficiency anemia.

Lead Poisoning

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A drug used to treat bi-polarity that produces tremors

Lithium

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Wood alcohol; CNS depressant; used in plastics, plywood, paints, explosives, highly toxic.

Methanol

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Are used to treat episodes of angina in people who have coronary artery disease.

Nitroglycerine

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Used to treat depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder, some eating disorders (serrotonin uptake inhibitor), and panic attacks

Prozac

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Aspirin. Causes bleeding; inhibits prostaglandins, & associated with deafness & Reye’s syndrome.

Ringing in ears; deafness = acetylsalicylic Acid (Asprin)

Salicylates

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Treats depression (Prozac, Zoloft, Celexa, Lexapro)

Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor

Pesticide; causes muscular convulsions.

Strychnine

Induces vomiting

Syrup of Ipecac

An anticoagulant; vitamin K antagonist; increases clotting time

Warfarin/Coumadin

Caused by inhalation of asbestos dust. Leads to mesothelioma.

Asbestosis

Caused by iron dust.

Siderosis

Caused by cotton dust (textile workers).

Byssinosis

Caused by glass, Sand/Stone dust (pottery). Light bulb makers, Granite workers

Silicosis

Measured in pregnant women using maternal blood or amniotic fluid as a screening test for a subset of developmental abnormalities: it is principally increased in open neural tube defects and decreased in Down Syndrome.

Alpha Fetoprotein

Deficient in Vitamin D and Iron | Deficient in what vitamin and what mineral?

Breast Milk

First breast milk

Colostrum

Painful menses (1° increased prostaglandin. 2° from pathology i.e. endometriosis)

Dysmenorrhea

Thinning of the cervix

Effacement

Decent of the fetal skull to he level of the ischial spines

Engagement

Excessive nausea and vomiting during pregnancy

Hyperemesis Gravidarum

The most commong surgical procedure for the diagnosis and treatment of Endometriosis

Laparoscopy

The baby drops into the pelvis 2 weeks before delivery and produces lower abdominal pain.

Lightening

Dark streak down the midline of the abdomen seen during pregnancy

Linea Nigra

Vaginal discharge after delivery and throughout the puerperium; 1st red (*asked recently), 2nd yellow, 3rd white.

Lochia

1st menstrual cycle

Menarche

Pain in abdomen at ovulation

Mittelschmerz

Period of time after the delivery of the placenta to the complete involution of the organs; infection during this time is referred to as Puerperal Sepsis.

Puerperium

1st perception by the mother of fetal life

Quickening

Identifies the fetal position (cm) in relation to the spines of the Ischium

Station

Blueish discoloration of the vagina

Chadwick's sign

Softening of the tip of the cervix

Goodell's Sign

Softening of the isthmus of the uterus

Hegar's sign

Enlargement of the uterus near the uterine tube over the site of implantation (Ectopic Pregnancy: MC location = Fallopian tubes

Piskacek's sign

Brown hyperpigmentation of the face/mask of pregnancy

Chloasma Aka Melasma

Herniation of the urinary bladder into the vagina

Cystocele

A toxemia of pregnancy cause by hypertension leading to convulsions (pre exlampsia with convulsions)

Eclampsia

Palpable nodules in breast after ovulation with regression after menses (overweight diabetic women). * Painful, bilateral, tiny (worse w/ ovulation & caffine)

Fibrocystic Breast Disease

Toxemia of pregnancy with the following signs. HEP: Hypertension, Edema, Proteinuria. Pre-eclampsia = Nephrotic syndrome (HEP [Hypertension, elevated BP, Proteinuria])

Pre-eclampsia

Herniation of the rectum into the vagina; "collapsed pouch" along the posterior vaginal wall.

Rectocele

Uterine contractions during labor and milk let down (ejection) following delivery.

Oxytocin

Responsible for milk production

Prolactin

From the 1st meaningful contraction to the full dilation of the cervix to 10 centimeters; longest stage

1st: Dilation

The release of the mucous plug during the first stage of labor

Bloody show

From full dilation of the cervix to delivery of the baby

2nd: Expulsion

From delivery of the baby to delivery of the placenta (most dangerous to mother).

3rd: Placental Delivery

A period of time from delivery of the placenta to several hours when the tone of the uterus is established and the uterus contracts expelling any remaining contents.

4th: Stabilization

Low lying placenta with partial obstruction of the interal os

Praevia

Normally placed, detaches from site; spontaneous abortion/premature separation (*What's worse for baby?)

Abruptio

Does not separate after delivery (*Which ones worse for mom?)

Accreta

Heart rate (pulse), repiratory rate, color (appearance), muscle tone (grimace), reflex activity *Birth weight is NOT included; taken @ 1 min & 5 min

Apgar Score

A disorder on the autism spectrum (milder form)

Asperger's syndrome

Food poisoning produced by honey, corn syrup, and molasses in newborn

Botulism

Baby's head has an unusual shape due to swelling of the scalp; considered benign.

Caput Succedeum

Bedwetting. Adjust sacrum (S2, S5, S4)

Enuresis

Protein malnutrition (ascites)

Kwashiorkor

General malnutrition

Marasmus

Prevents hemorrhage in newborns

Vitamin K