associate the reagents and reactions Flashcards
Ace Organic chemistry ;)
+HX
adding an H and a 7A on an alkene
X2 in CH2CL2
adding a Br on opposite sides of an alkene
X2 in H2O/alcohol
adding an OH and a Br on opposite sides of an alkene (major product)
H2O in acid
alkene -> markovnicov alcohol
i) Hg(OCOCH3)2 in THF
ii)NaBH4 in OH-
alkene -> markovnicov alcohol
*if unstable intermediate (e.g. carbocation rearrangement)
i) BH3 in THF
ii) H2O2 in OH-
alkene -> non-markovnicov alcohol
+H2 (3 atm) with Pd catalyst
adding 1 or 2 H on a double or triple bond to get an alkane
alkene -> alkane
alkyne -> alkane
reduce an acyl substituent on a ring
+H2 (3 atm) with Lindlar catalyst
alkyne -> cis alkene
+RCO3H in CH2Cl2
akene -> epoxide
i) O3
ii) Zn in weak acid or H2O2 in acid
alkene -> carbonyl
i) OsO4
ii) NaHSO3 in water
alkene -> cis glycol
epoxide + H3O+
trans glycol
Na in cold NH3
alkyne -> trans-alkene
NaNH2 in liquid NH3
chain elongation for alkynes
Br2 (or Cl2) in FeBr3 (or FeCl3)
adding Br or Cl on a benzene
HNO3 in H2SO4
benzene -> nitrobenzene (benzene with NO2)
i) Fe, H3O+ (or H2 in Pd)
ii) OH-
benzene -> aniline (benzene with NH2)
+SO3 in H2SO4
benzene -> benzenesulfonic acid (benzene with SO3H)
i) cold NaOH
ii) hot NaOH
iii) H3O+
benzenesulfonic acid -> phenol
+R-Cl with AlCl3
Friedel-Crafts alkylation
(addition of alkyl group on benzene)
+RCOCl with AlCl3
Friedel-Crafts acylation
(addition of acyl group on aromatic ring)
+KMnO4 in H2O
oxydation of an alkyl substituent on a ring to a carboxylic acid
What is the Grignard reagent?
An organometallic compound where the carbon bears a partial negative charge (good nucleophile + reacts with weak acids)
i) Mg in THF
add Mg to R-Br
gives Grignard reagent
