Assignment quiz 1 🔫 Flashcards
Pharmacology is the study of subs that _ through chemical processes, esp by _ and _ normal body processes
Interact with the living systems
Binding to regulatory mol
Activating or inhibiting
Any substance that brings about a change in biologic func thru its chemical actions
Drug
Action of drugs on the body
Pharmacodynamics
The processes by wc the body handles the drugs.
Pharmacokinetics
Processes involved in pharmacokinetics
Absorption
Distribution
Elimination
The fraction of unchanged drug reaching the systemic circulation ffg administration by any route
Bioavailability
Routes of administration
IV IM SC oral (po) Rectal (Pr) Inhalation Transdermal
Most rapid onset (route)
Intravenous
Most convenient (route)
Oral
The absence of a significant difference in the rate and extent to wc the active ingred or moiety in pharmaceutical equivalents or alternatives becomes available at the site of the drug action
– when administered at the same molar dose under similar conditions in an approp designed study
Bioequivalence
Two products are pharmaceutical equivalents if
Same amt of active subs
Same pharma form
Identical or comparable standards
Indicated for administration for the same way
Drugs are considered to be therapeutic equivalents only if
Pharma equivalents
Same clinical effect and safety profile
A phenomenon that results when a drug is metabolised between its site of administration and the site of sampling for measurement of drug concentration
First pass effect
A rxn that has a rate that is independent of the concentration of the reactants
Zero order kinetics
A rxn that depends on the conc of only one reactant
First order kinetics
Diff of zero order from first order kinetics
Accdg to metabolism:
Rate:
Z- constant amount, rate dont increase as drug conc increases
f- constant fraction, rate increases
The dose reqd to produce a particular toxic effect to 50% of subjs
Median toxic dose TD50
Dose reqd to cause death to 50% of animals
Median lethal dose LD50
Dose reqd to produce the desired effect
Therapeutic dose
The range of drug dosages wc can treat dse effetively while staying within the safety range
Therapeutic window
