Assessment week - January Flashcards
What are the 4 layers of the Earth?
Inner core, outer core, mantle, crust
A tectonic plate is a section of the Earth’s __________.
crust
A plate boundary is where two or more plates __________.
meet
How many types of boundary are there?
3
What happens at a destructive plate boundary?
Oceanic plate is subducted underneath a continental plate, causing friction and melting of the oceanic crust, which builds pressure and allows magma to escape through a volcano.
What happens at a constructive plate boundary?
Plates move apart, causing earthquakes and volcanoes to form.
What happens at a conservative plate boundary?
Two plates slide past each other, either in opposite directions or in the same direction at different speeds.
Give an example of a volcano located on a destructive plate boundary.
Vesuvius
Give an example of a volcano located on a constructive plate boundary.
Iceland
Give an example of a place that experiences earthquakes at a conservative plate boundary.
San Andreas, California, USA.
What are the characteristics of oceanic crust?
Dense, thin and mainly of Basalt
What are the characteristics of continental crust?
Less dense, thick and mainly granite
Why do the tectonic plates move?
Convection currents
Convection _______ happen when molten rock called _______ in the _______ is heated by the core.
currents, magma, mantle
What is the direction of magma movement in convection currents?
The magma rises towards the crust, then cools and moves back towards the core.
Which plate boundary do you find only earthquakes and no volcanoes?
Conservative
What is the difference between the focus and epicentre points?
Focus is underneath the ground where the seismic waves are released from, and the epicentre is the point directly above the focus on the surface of the earth.
What does the term magnitude mean?
The strength of the earthquake
What is the scale called that measures how powerful the earthquake is?
Richter scale
What is your earthquake case study?
Haiti
What were the economic impacts of the Haiti earthquake?
Business buildings destroyed, 1 in 5 people lost their jobs, clothing industry badly affected.
What were the social impacts of the Haiti earthquake?
316,000 people killed, 1 million people made homeless, services badly affected such as schools and hospitals.
What was the environmental impact of the Haiti earthquake?
Water contamination, spreading disease such as cholera.
Give 3 reasons why the Haiti earthquake was so severe.
7 magnitude, epicentre close to the capital Port-au-Prince, buildings were poorly constructed, lack of emergency response and planning.
Give 3 impacts of the Eyjafjallajökull eruption in Iceland.
Huge ash cloud, flood caused by glacial meltwater, European flights were grounded causing widespread travel chaos.
What is the capital of India?
New Delhi
Give one physical feature found in India.
Himalayas, Northern and coastal plains, Rivers such as the Indus, Ganges.
Give one human feature found in India.
Taj Mahal, Golden Temple.
What is a monsoon?
Rainy season
When does India experience monsoon season?
April and September
What does TNC mean?
Transnational corporation
India is a NEE; what does this stand for?
Newly Emerging Economy
Globalisation is the term used to describe…
increasing interaction between countries and people across the world.
Give 2 advantages of Nike locating its factories in India.
Increased wages, improved working conditions, investment in irrigation systems.
Give 2 disadvantages of Nike locating its factories in India.
Wages low compared to HIC countries, profits go back to the USA.
Describe India’s population.
Narrowing bottom - birth rate starting to go down, large middle - lots of working age, narrow top - life expectancy still not as good as some HICs.
Define the term urbanisation
Increased percentage of people living in urban areas
Why do urbanisation happen?
Rural to urban migration - people leave the countryside and go to the town
________ factors make people leave an area
Push
_________ factors attract people to an area
Pull
What is a squatter settlement?
An illegal settlement that is set up due to a lack of housing
Name two problems in squatter settlements
Lack of sanitation, unemployment, lack of access to clean water, pollution
How is India trying to solve the challenges in Squatter settlments?
Improving sanitation, demolishing slums to make cheaper housing, giving them toilet blocks, piped water to homes and street lights
