Assessment week - January

Question 1

Where is Sudan located?

Answer 1

North-Eastern Africa.

Question 2

What is the main biome located in Sudan?

Answer 2

Hot deserts.

Question 3

Is Sudan an LIC, NEE or HIC?

Answer 3

LIC.

Question 4

Where are hot deserts found?

Answer 4

15-30 degrees North and South of the equator.

Question 5

A desert is an area on Earth that receives l____ than _____cm of rainfall per year.

Answer 5

less, 250.

Question 6

Describe the main characteristics of hot deserts.

Answer 6

Low rainfall, high temperatures, arid, rocky landscape, minimal vegetation.

Question 7

Explain how a camel has adapted to survive in hot deserts.

Answer 7

2 sets of thick eyelashes to protect from sand, hump to store fat, large feet to help balance and walk in the sand.

Question 8

Explain how a cactus has adapted to survive in hot deserts.

Answer 8

Long roots to collect water efficiently, spikes instead of leaves to reduce water loss.

Question 9

The S________ desert is the largest desert in the world. The Nubian desert is the e_______ of this desert.

Answer 9

Sahara, eastern.

Question 10

Some opportunities for development in hot deserts are t__________ and m____________ e___________________.

Answer 10

tourism, mineral extraction.

Question 11

Explain how mining for gold brings advantages to Sudan.

Answer 11

Mining creates jobs, people pay their taxes to the government, which the government can use to improve roads, schools, education, therefore improving the quality of life.

Question 12

Some challenges to development in hot deserts are h_______ t_____________ and lack of w_________.

Answer 12

high temperatures, water.

Question 13

Explain how a lack of water is a challenge to development in hot deserts.

Answer 13

People have to travel really far to find water. Some people drink dirty water from ponds, meaning they get unwell with diseases and cannot go to work to earn a living, cannot pay their taxes.

Question 14

Desertification is the process by which f_________ land becomes d________.

Answer 14

fertile, desert.

Question 15

Name and describe one human cause of desertification.

Answer 15

Population pressure - increased population means more pressure on resources like wood, increasing deforestation which exposes the soil to erosion.

Question 16

Name and describe one physical cause of desertification.

Answer 16

Climate change - increasing global temperatures means desert areas are getting hotter and drier.

Question 17

Due to desertification, farmers’ crops and livestock die, leading to famine and hunger. This is an example of a ____________ impact.

Answer 17

social.

Question 18

Due to desertification, farms growing crops such as cotton lose income, which may cause unemployment. This is an example of an ____________ impact.

Answer 18

economic.

Question 19

Due to desertification, vegetation dies causing animals to migrate or die. This is an example of an _________________ impact.

Answer 19

environmental.

Question 20

We can reduce the impacts of desertification through sustainable management (irrigation). For example water management. This is when …

Answer 20

Farmers get water from underground resources/rivers/canals to water their crops.

Question 21

We can reduce the impacts of desertification through sustainable management. For example appropriate technology (e.g. stone lines). This is when …

Answer 21

Stones are collected and placed in lines. This traps soil, preventing erosion and slows down the flow of the water, allowing crops to receive water.

Question 22

We can reduce the impacts of desertification through sustainable management. For example tree planting (e.g. Great Green Wall). This is when …

Answer 22

Trees and crops are planted in a line to reverse desertification. Trees hold the soils together, preventing erosion and provide protection from the sun, wind and rain.

Question 23

What happened in Sudan in 2011, causing conflict?

Answer 23

Sudan was split into two countries.

Question 24

Name one impact of the war in Sudan.

Answer 24

Many deaths, people displaced from homes, people fleeing to refugee camps, malnutrition, injuries from bombing.

Question 25

High pressure is when ________ air is _______________.

Answer 25

cool, sinking.

Question 26

Low pressure is when ________ air is _______________.

Answer 26

warm, rising.

Question 27

What three cells are involved in Global Atmospheric Circulation?

Answer 27

Hadley cell, Ferrell cell, Polar cell.

Question 28

Tropical storms are areas of extreme _____ pressure.

Answer 28

low.

Question 29

Describe the distribution of tropical storms.

Answer 29

Located 5-15 degrees North and South of the equator, in the tropics of cancer and capricorn.

Question 30

Which of the following are not tropical storms?: Hurricanes, cyclones, tornadoes.

Answer 30

Tornadoes.

Question 31

What temperature do oceans need to be for tropical storms to form?

Answer 31

27 degrees Celsius.

Question 32

How is climate change likely to change the frequency of tropical storms?

Answer 32

The frequency of tropical storms will increase (happen more often).

Question 33

How is climate change likely to change the intensity of tropical storms?

Answer 33

The intensity of tropical storms will increase.

Question 34

How is climate change likely to change the distribution of tropical storms?

Answer 34

Tropical storms will start to form in oceans further away from the equator.

Question 35

What is the difference between primary and secondary effects?

Answer 35

Primary effects - caused by the storm itself. Secondary effects - caused by primary effect OR happens after the storm.

Question 36

Name one primary effect of Hurricane Matthew.

Answer 36

Buildings/roads/homes destroyed, flooding, broken electricity lines, trees uprooted.

Question 37

Name one secondary effect of Hurricane Matthew.

Answer 37

People left homeless, deaths, no access to electricity, blocked roads made it difficult for aid to get in.

Question 38

Name one immediate response to Hurricane Matthew.

Answer 38

Emergency Aid (food, clean water, shelter, medicine), US Navy sent 3 ships, UK sent £8 million of aid.

Question 39

Name one long term response to Hurricane Matthew.

Answer 39

Oxfam charity working on rebuilding people's homes, rebuilding economy and helping farmers. Developing skills of local people.

Question 40

What do the 3 P's stand for when trying to reduce the impacts of tropical storms?

Answer 40

Predict, Protect, Prepare.

Question 41

Prediction means we can t_____ tropical storms and p________ the course that the tropical storm may take. Predictions allows countries to send out w___________ to people.

Answer 41

track, predict, warnings.

Question 42

Protection means protecting p________ from the effects of a tropical storm. An example is building c__________ shelters.

Answer 42

People, cyclone.

Question 43

Preparation means e____________ individuals and the community about the dangers of tropical storms and how to prepare. An example is packing an e____________ k____ in the case of a tropical storm.

Answer 43

educating, emergency kit.