Assessment week - January Flashcards
Where is Sudan located?
North-Eastern Africa.
What is the main biome located in Sudan?
Hot deserts.
Is Sudan an LIC, NEE or HIC?
LIC.
Where are hot deserts found?
15-30 degrees North and South of the equator.
A desert is an area on Earth that receives l____ than _____cm of rainfall per year.
less, 250.
Describe the main characteristics of hot deserts.
Low rainfall, high temperatures, arid, rocky landscape, minimal vegetation.
Explain how a camel has adapted to survive in hot deserts.
2 sets of thick eyelashes to protect from sand, hump to store fat, large feet to help balance and walk in the sand.
Explain how a cactus has adapted to survive in hot deserts.
Long roots to collect water efficiently, spikes instead of leaves to reduce water loss.
The S________ desert is the largest desert in the world. The Nubian desert is the e_______ of this desert.
Sahara, eastern.
Some opportunities for development in hot deserts are t__________ and m____________ e___________________.
tourism, mineral extraction.
Explain how mining for gold brings advantages to Sudan.
Mining creates jobs, people pay their taxes to the government, which the government can use to improve roads, schools, education, therefore improving the quality of life.
Some challenges to development in hot deserts are h_______ t_____________ and lack of w_________.
high temperatures, water.
Explain how a lack of water is a challenge to development in hot deserts.
People have to travel really far to find water. Some people drink dirty water from ponds, meaning they get unwell with diseases and cannot go to work to earn a living, cannot pay their taxes.
Desertification is the process by which f_________ land becomes d________.
fertile, desert.
Name and describe one human cause of desertification.
Population pressure - increased population means more pressure on resources like wood, increasing deforestation which exposes the soil to erosion.
Name and describe one physical cause of desertification.
Climate change - increasing global temperatures means desert areas are getting hotter and drier.
Due to desertification, farmers’ crops and livestock die, leading to famine and hunger. This is an example of a ____________ impact.
social.
Due to desertification, farms growing crops such as cotton lose income, which may cause unemployment. This is an example of an ____________ impact.
economic.
Due to desertification, vegetation dies causing animals to migrate or die. This is an example of an _________________ impact.
environmental.
We can reduce the impacts of desertification through sustainable management (irrigation). For example water management. This is when …
Farmers get water from underground resources/rivers/canals to water their crops.
We can reduce the impacts of desertification through sustainable management. For example appropriate technology (e.g. stone lines). This is when …
Stones are collected and placed in lines. This traps soil, preventing erosion and slows down the flow of the water, allowing crops to receive water.
We can reduce the impacts of desertification through sustainable management. For example tree planting (e.g. Great Green Wall). This is when …
Trees and crops are planted in a line to reverse desertification. Trees hold the soils together, preventing erosion and provide protection from the sun, wind and rain.
What happened in Sudan in 2011, causing conflict?
Sudan was split into two countries.
Name one impact of the war in Sudan.
Many deaths, people displaced from homes, people fleeing to refugee camps, malnutrition, injuries from bombing.
High pressure is when ________ air is _______________.
cool, sinking.
Low pressure is when ________ air is _______________.
warm, rising.
What three cells are involved in Global Atmospheric Circulation?
Hadley cell, Ferrell cell, Polar cell.
Tropical storms are areas of extreme _____ pressure.
low.
Describe the distribution of tropical storms.
Located 5-15 degrees North and South of the equator, in the tropics of cancer and capricorn.
Which of the following are not tropical storms?: Hurricanes, cyclones, tornadoes.
Tornadoes.
What temperature do oceans need to be for tropical storms to form?
27 degrees Celsius.
How is climate change likely to change the frequency of tropical storms?
The frequency of tropical storms will increase (happen more often).
How is climate change likely to change the intensity of tropical storms?
The intensity of tropical storms will increase.
How is climate change likely to change the distribution of tropical storms?
Tropical storms will start to form in oceans further away from the equator.
What is the difference between primary and secondary effects?
Primary effects - caused by the storm itself. Secondary effects - caused by primary effect OR happens after the storm.
Name one primary effect of Hurricane Matthew.
Buildings/roads/homes destroyed, flooding, broken electricity lines, trees uprooted.
Name one secondary effect of Hurricane Matthew.
People left homeless, deaths, no access to electricity, blocked roads made it difficult for aid to get in.
Name one immediate response to Hurricane Matthew.
Emergency Aid (food, clean water, shelter, medicine), US Navy sent 3 ships, UK sent £8 million of aid.
Name one long term response to Hurricane Matthew.
Oxfam charity working on rebuilding people’s homes, rebuilding economy and helping farmers. Developing skills of local people.
What do the 3 P’s stand for when trying to reduce the impacts of tropical storms?
Predict, Protect, Prepare.
Prediction means we can t_____ tropical storms and p________ the course that the tropical storm may take. Predictions allows countries to send out w___________ to people.
track, predict, warnings.
Protection means protecting p________ from the effects of a tropical storm. An example is building c__________ shelters.
People, cyclone.
Preparation means e____________ individuals and the community about the dangers of tropical storms and how to prepare. An example is packing an e____________ k____ in the case of a tropical storm.
educating, emergency kit.
