Assessment of Hydration Status Flashcards
edema is associated with
CKD, congestive heart failure, cirrhosis of liver, Cushing syndrome, excess use of Na-containing IV fluids/food/meds.
Lab measured for edema? (4)
serum NA, blood urea nitrogen, serum osmolality, urine specific gravity
inflammatory response triggers the realease of _ & _.
eicosanoids and cytokines
eicosanoids and cytokines mobilize nutrients required to synthesize _.
positive acute-phase reactants (and leukocytes)
during inflammation, cytokines _.
reorient liver synthesis of plasma proteins and increase the breakdown of muscle protein.
During inflammation response, irons stores shift from ferratin to _ & _.
transferrin and hemoglobin
What is CRP?
hs-CRP?
c-reactive protein marks inflammation and may help to estimate and monitor severity of illness.
high-sensitivity is seen in patients with atherosclerosis and other chronic diseases.
What is ferratin?
When is it not appropriate measure of Iron stores?
positive acute phase protein (increases during inflamm.)
during acute inflamm., uremia, metastatic cancer, and alcohol-related liver disease.
Albumin major purpose? What do serum levels reflect? What don't they reflect? What is it sensitive to? Where is it synthesized? Why does this matter?
maintain colloidal osmotic pressure of plasma.
severity of illness
protein status
hydration status
liver, during liver disease, albumin synthesis is impaired
Prealbumin (PAB) is a _.
It is a marker of _.
Serum levels decrease in the presence of a _ deficiency.
hepatic protein transported in the serum as a complex of retinol-binding protein and Vit A.
Inflammation.
Zn.
Retinol-Binding protein is synthesized in _ and released with _.
Decreased with _ & _.
May be elevated with _.
liver, retinol
starvation and during inflammatory stress.
Renal failure.
What does transferrin do?
transports Fe to bone marrow for Hgb production. When Fe stores deplete, transferrin synthesis increases. It reflects inflammation response.
