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III. Clinical Binocular Vision > Assessment of Children With Visually Related LD-1 (F) > Flashcards

Assessment of Children With Visually Related LD-1 (F) Flashcards

1
Q

What is any relatively permanent and consistent change in the perception following practice or experience?

A

perceptual learning

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2
Q

What refers to the process of organizing and deciphering visual information?

A

visual perception

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3
Q

What is a disorder in one or more
of the basic psychological processes involved in understanding or in using language, spoken or written, which may manifest itself in an imperfect ability to listen, think, speak, read, write, spell or to do mathematical calculations?

A

specific learning disability

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4
Q

What are the different areas of visual perceptual skill?

A
  1. visual analysis or visual spatial skill
  2. visual memory
  3. VMI
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5
Q

What are the aspects that should be observed during testing of visual processing?

A
  1. working distance
  2. head movement
  3. pencil grip
  4. motor overflow
  5. auditory overflow
    6 patients approach to task
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6
Q

What are some of the possible patient approaches to a task or learning style?

A
  1. substitute processing
  2. varying speeds and accuracy
  3. trail and error
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7
Q

What are the scores provided for visual processing analysis?

A
  1. standard score (mean of 100)
  2. percentiles
  3. age or grade equivalent or perceptual age (avoid if possible)
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8
Q

What is the interquartile range?

A

25th and 75th percentile

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9
Q

What are some tips for examining kids with ADHD?

A
  1. Plan
  2. Keep it novel
  3. Remove distractors
  4. Don’t be afraid to stop
  5. Give advance warning
  6. Keep the child’s attention
  7. Give one direction at a time
  8. Stay in charge
  9. Narration of exam
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10
Q

What previous assessments should you ask the parent about whether the patient took?

A
  1. IEP
  2. psycho educational (cognitive ability or achievement)
  3. audiological, speech, language
  4. occupational therapy
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11
Q

What are the visual skills efficiency tests for saccadic eye movements?

A
  1. DEM test (ages 6 to 14)
  2. NSUCO (observation)
  3. SCCO (observation)
  4. visagraph
  5. readalyzer
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12
Q

What are the areas of visual analysis or visual spatial skills?

A
  1. visual discrimination
  2. visual-spatial relationships
  3. visual form constancy
  4. visual figure-ground
  5. visual closure
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13
Q

What are the examples of the visual motor integration tests?

A
  1. Beery Visual Fine Motor Integration (VMI)
  2. Spatial Awareness Skills Program (SASP) (age 4 to 10)
  3. Test of Visual Perceptual Skills (TVPS)
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14
Q

What are the Beery VMI series of tests?

A
  1. Beery Visual Fine Motor Integration (VMI)
  2. Beery VMI visual perception
  3. Beery VMI motor coordination
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15
Q

What test has visual memory tests and what are the subsets?

A
  1. TVPS visual memory subset

2. TVPS visual sequential memory subset

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16
Q

What are the screening tests for auditory processing ability?

A
  1. phonological awareness skills program (PASP) (4 to 10 yo)

2. test of auditory analysis skills (TAAS)

17
Q

What are the four components of visual attention according to Mirsky?

A
  1. encode (ability to receive and interpret)
  2. focus execute
  3. sustain (maintain vigilance)
  4. shift (flexibility of attention)
18
Q

What are the tests for visual attention that are focus execute based?

A
  1. trail making
  2. Stroop color word interference
  3. Digit symbol coding tests
  4. cognitive assessment system (number detection, expressive attention, receptive attention)
19
Q

What are the tests for visual attention that are focus execute and sustain based?

A

D2

20
Q

What are the tests for visual attention that are sustain based?

A

tests of variables of attention (TOVA)

21
Q

What are the tests for visual attention that are shift based?

A

Wisconsin Card sorting test (ages 6.5 to 89)

22
Q

Why is attention assessed?

A
  1. identify problems

2. understand effect of visual problems on visual attention

23
Q

What are the tests for reversals?

A
  1. Jordan left right reversal test

2. Gardner reversal frequency test

24
Q

What is the test for laterality?

A

Piaget test of left right concepts

25
Q

What are the tests for bilateral integration?

A
  1. standing angels in the snow

2. chalkboard circles

26
Q

What are the tests for intersensory?

A
  1. visual auditory (Birch Belmont)

2. visual motor integration

27
Q

Who are the patients that do the visual perception exam?

A
  1. kids referred or screened

2. TBI patients

28
Q

What are the areas done in a visual perception exam?

A
  1. eye movements (visagraph)
  2. visual perception (Beery VMI and TVPS)
  3. visual memory
  4. others as indicated
29
Q

What is the expected duration of visual perceptual therapy for an issue with visual analysis? 1. Visual memory? 2. Visualization? 3. Visual fine motor integration? 4

A
  1. 12 to 20 wks per 1yr lag
  2. 6 to 8 wks per 1 yr lag
  3. 6 to 8 wks per 1 yr lag
  4. 8 to 20 wks per 1 yr lag
30
Q

What are the tinted lenses or overlays that can assist in visual perception? 1. What syndrome do these help with? 2

A
  1. Irlen lenses

2. scotopic sensitivity syndrome

31
Q

What is dyslexia when it comes to vision called? 1. Sound? 2. Vision and sound? 3

A
  1. dyseidesia
  2. dysphonesia
  3. dysphoneidesia
32
Q

What is the test of phonological awareness?

A

Woodcok Johnson word attach test

33
Q

Who should do further evaluation of a patient with visual perception disability?

A
  1. school psychologist
  2. clinical psychologist
  3. neuropsychologist
  4. reading specialist
34
Q

What are the common signs and symptoms of someone with audiology and speech language pathology?

A
  1. slow response time
  2. inappropriate answers to questions
  3. difficulty describing events or objects
    4 disorganized conversation
  4. difficulty with auditory sequencing, auditory memory, or auditory closure
  5. unable to maintain topic
  6. difficulty listening in the presence of multiple inputs
  7. difficulty with pragmatics - how language is used, eye contact, duration of conversation, securing conversational turn
  8. history of frequent ear infections
  9. usually good vocab and knowledge base
35
Q

What is included in the evaluation of audiology and speech language pathology?

A
  1. auditory processing (involves attention, detection and identification of the signal)
  2. central auditory processing- what is done with what is heard
  3. dichotic listening - ear teaming
  4. auditory memory
  5. norm-referenced tests of language ability
  6. observation of conversation
36
Q

When should a refer to an occupational therapist be made?

A
  1. balance difficulty
  2. maturity of tactile system concern
  3. muscle tone (eg, CP, ADD/ADHD)
  4. range of motion
  5. proprioceptive problems
  6. Gross or fine motor skills
  7. muscle imbalance
  8. hypersensitivity to touch
  9. symmetry of movements
  10. initiation or termination of movements
  11. arousal level
  12. sensory integration

III. Clinical Binocular Vision (15 decks)

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