Assessment, Occ Analysis, Service implementation Flashcards
Normal Distribution
Bell Curve- a group of frequency distributions that have the same symmetrical shape with data points more centrally located than in the tails (ends).
Measures of Central Tendancy
a method of describing typical, average or common test scores (values) in a distribution such as Mean, Median, Mode.
Mean
the sum of a set of scores divided by the total number of scores
Median
The middle value dividing a set of scores, arranged in order of magnitude into 2 equal halves. This score at the middle with half the scores above and half the scores below. (with no single score in the middle- the 2 middle scores are divided by 2)
Mode
The score that occurs most frequently in a distribution
Standard Deviation
for a particular distribution of scores, the SD measures the amount of variability around the mean of the scores.
Standarized test
An instrument that is administered, scored and interpreted in a predetermined manner. Common types include intelligence, aptitude, achievement, interest, and personality.
Variation
A measure of a distributions dispersion, it is the square of a scores standard deviation.
Percentiles
the 99 values that divide a frequency distribution into 100 groups with 1% of the scores in each group.
Z scores
The number of standard deviation units of a given score above or below the mean
T scores
z-scores that have been multiplied by 10 (to remove the decimals) with 50 added to it (to remove the minus values).
3 levels of Vocational Assessment
Level 1: Screening
Level 2: Clinical or Exploratory
Level 3:Vocational Evaluation
Level 1 vocational assessment
Screening: conducted by VRC to determine eligibility and to find out if provision of further services is warranted. Primarily self report, medical records and limited psychometric testing like computerized interest assessments occur at this level.
Level 2 vocational assessment
Clinical or Exploratory assessment: conducted by VRC. Focus is on getting more in depth info. Could include vocational assessment and vocational counseling, detailed case study, transferable skills analysis, AT assessment, Environmental analysis.
Level 3 Vocational assessment
Vocational Evaluation- used when client lacks career decision making skills or had a significant disability. VE is a process that is usually conducted by a CVE or PVE (certified or professional evaluator) tho not required. It is an individualized, holistic evaluation that includes extensive observation of performance and behavior during a real or simulated work environment.
Prior to a Voc Eval referral what should a VRC do?
develop specific referral questions for the evaluator to answer so that evaluator can plan his evaluation to obtain the info needed by VRC so that he/she can provide optimal assistance to client.
Achievement tests
measure a persons current level of knowledge (what they already have learned). Used to obtain counseling info, assist clients in making decisions, stimulate client for self exploration of vocational possibilities
Achievement Tests of minimum competency
CRC exam, Drivers tests, measure basic skills and set a minimum standard for certifications or licensing
Achievement Speed and Power tests
can be designed to be “speeded” in which there are more questions that most people can answer within the alloted time or “powered” which most people can finish within the time limit.
General Achievement Batteries
Provide a profile of scores based on testing a variety of specific areas which typically include reading, language, math, science and miscellaneous.
Commonly used Achievement tests
Wide Range Ach. test 4th ed (WRAT IV)- commonly used in groups, measures word recognition, spelling and arithmetic. ages 5-94
Peabody Individual Ach- Revised (PIAT-R) for ages 5-22
Woodcock-Johnson Psycho Educational Battery- Primarily used with people w learning disabilities 2-90+
Test of Adult Basic Education (TABE)- measures adults basic education, used frequently in vocational groups
Tests of General Educational Development (GED) high school equivalency exam. typically given in educational settings, measures writing, social studies, science reading and math.
Aptitude tests
designed to predict and individuals future performance. They measure characteristics associated with the ability to acquire knowledge or skills. Used to obtain counseling information and assist client in decision making.
General Aptitude Test Battery (gat-B)
one of the most widely used by rehab counselors. Created by DOL aptitudes measured include: G- general learning ability V- verbal ability N- numerical ability S- spatial perception P- form perception Q- clerical perception K- motor coordination F- finger dexterity M- manual dexterity Mean score of 100. 80-120 is the average range
O*net ability profiler- aptitude test
created by DOL. uses norms of the 1960's working population, paper pencil test that measures: Verbal ability Arithmetic Reasoning Computation Spatial ability Form Perception Clerical perception Motor Coordination Manual Dexterity Finger Dexterity
Other common aptitude tests
Nonreading aptitude test batter (NATB) designed to assessed disadvantaged or semi illiterate adults and individuals grades 9-12
Career Scope- computerized tool to measure interests and aptitudes. Can be self administered, untimed available in audio, english and spanish
Armed services vocational aptitude Battery (ASVAB)- provides info to military recruiters on secondary and post secondary students.
Differential aptitude tests (DAT) for personal and career assessment. designed for educational and vocational guidance in adult and students grades 8-12. measures abstract reasoning, language usage, numerical ability, spatial relations, verbal reasoning
Weisen test of Mechanical aptitude- brief written test to determine natural mechanical abilities
Clerical aptitude tests- emphasize perceptual speed and detail orientation, so errors and work speed are taken into account. can include alphabetizing, classifying, coding and business vocabulary.
Computer related aptitude tests- used to determine whether a training program in the area of computers would be appropriate for a client. they look at verbal and non verbal reasoning skills that apply to computer programming.
Intelligence - 2 types
Crystallizes- comprised of knowledge and skills acquired through experience and education and is verbally based.
Fluid intelligence is biologically determined, and involves the ability to solve problems independently of education and experience.
David Weschler
Developed first intelligence test in 1939.
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale- 3rd ed (WAIS-III) most widely recognizes test that validly measures intelligence.
WAIS- III
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale- 3rd ed. (also WISC and WPPSI for children) 130 very superior 120-129 superior 110-119- high average 90-109 average 80-89 low average 70-79 borderline 69- intellectual disability
Slosson Intelligence test
provides oral assessment of verbal intelligence
Stanford Binet intelligence scale
intelligence: historically used with people with development disabilities
Halstead- reitan
Intelligence: most often used with people who have brain injuries
Luria- Nebraska
Intelligence: used with people who have brain injuries to help determine appropriate rehab programs.
Haptic
Intelligence: used on individuals who are blind
Hisky- Nebraska
Intelligence: used on individuals who are deaf
Leiter
Intelligence: for people with aphasia, hearing
impairments, cognitive impairments
BETA
Intelligence: Picture based-devised by military for adults
Bender Gestalt visual motor test
Intelligence: used as a screening tool for people with brain damage or other neurological impairment. Not recommend to be used as an independent measure. Involves copying complex geometric figures.
Peabody picture vocabulary test
Intelligence: untimed oral rest that may be used for individuals with developmental disabilities. No required reading, responses made by pointing.
Interest Assessments: 3 types of interests
Expressed- what a client verbally states they are interested in
Manifest- interests demonstrated through active participation in and enjoyment derived through activities
Tested- interests are shown through the results of interest inventories.
Self Directed Search (SDS)
Interest: based on the work of John Holland and ties into the Holland code that links interests with work values.
Strong Interest inventory
Interest: based on Hollands codes. oldest and most widely used assessment in the career interest field. measures both career and leisure interests, paper and computer based. has versions for high school or college education as well.
Career Occupational Preference System (COPS)
Interest: Included the CAPS ability battery and COPES work values survey. work together to measure interests, skills and values. require 6th grade reading level.
Reading free vocational interest inventory- 2
Interest: uses pictures only. Designed for people with DD and LD can also be used with people who are functionally illiterate or ESL.
O*net online skills search
matches skills to jobs. doesn’t exactly address interests.
Career Scope
Interest and aptitude- computerized, quick and self administered.
Wide range interest opinion test 2 (WRIOT-2)
Interest: pictures only
Kuder Occupational interest inventory
Interest: Online assessment that matches interests to career clusters.
Geist Picture inventory
Interest: picture based, multiple choice
Personality tests procedures and who administers and interprets?
Administered and interpreted by a clinical psychologist.
includes true false, adjective checklists, inventories (like or dislike), semantic differential techniques (likert scales) forced choice, sentence completion, and embedded figures (rorschach ink blot). no right and wrong answers in personality tests.
Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory
recommended for use with individuals who have mental health conditions. Basic Clinical Scales for the MMPI: 1 Hypochondriasis 2 depression 3 hysteria 4 psychopathic deviate 5 masculinity-femininity 6 paranoia 7 psychasthenia 8 schizophrenia 9 hypomania 10 social introversion
