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Rehab Counseling > Assessment II part II > Flashcards

Assessment II part II Flashcards

1
Q

MMPI Dates

A

MMPI developed in 1930’s ; MMPI-2 debuted in 1989

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2
Q

MMPI Clinical Scales 1, 2, 3

A
  1. Hypochondriasis - Hs2. Depression - D3. Hysteria - Hy
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3
Q

MMPI Clinical Scales 4, 5, 6

A
  1. Psychopathic Deviate - Pd5. Masculinity-Femininity - Mf6. Paranoia - Pa
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4
Q

MMPI Clinical Scales 7, 8, 9, 0

A
  1. Psychasthenia - Pt8. Schizophrenia - Sc9. Mania - Ma0. Social Introversion - Si
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5
Q

Requirements for MMPI Test-Taker

A
  • Adequate vision/hearing/hand use- Adequate stamina for 1-2 hour test- Reading comp. of at least 6th grade, English proficiency (recommended 8th grade education)- Borderline or higher IQ- No drugs/alcohol/neuro/psychosis affecting cognitionalso:- Informed consent- Rapport built
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6
Q

Regular and short form # of questions

A

567 regular, 370 short form (client can stop at 370 for fatigue as well and still have valid validity/clinical scales, but not content scales)

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7
Q

Validity Scales #1: Traditional

A

? Cannot sayL Lie (15 items)F Infrequency (60 items)K Correction (30 items)

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8
Q

Validity Scales #2: MMPI-2

A

VRIN Variable Response Inconsistency Scale (49 items)TRIN True Response Inconsistency Scale (23 items)FB F-Back (40 items)F(p) Infrequency-Psychopathology S Superlative

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9
Q

Purpose of Validity Scales

A
  • Determine test-taking attitude- Correlated with personality traits/behaviors; can enrichinterpretation- Validity determination should not be made on basis of one score/index
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10
Q

Cannot Say Scale (?)

A
  • Number of Unscorable Items because Individual did not answer or answered both T and F- Invalid if ? > 30- Check to see if patients left items blank or answered T+F.Go back and re-answer if possible- Always examine omitted item content
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11
Q

Variable Response Inconsistency Scale (VRIN)

A
  • 49 pairs of items- Detect inconsistent or contradictory responding- Either similar or different item groups. Similar = inconsistent if one T, one F Different = inconsistent if both T or both F- High scores = difficulty in understanding OR lack of cooperation- VRIN complements L, F, and K interpretation High F, High VRIN = carelessness/confusion High F, Low VRIN = psychopathology or faking bad
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12
Q

True Response Inconsistency Scale (TRIN)

A
  • 23 pairs of items [like chromosomes]- Detects inconsistent or contradictory responding - Only contains opposite content pairs (e.g. “I am happy” and “I am sad” both marked as T)- High TRIN ( >13 ) = indiscriminate marking of items as true Low TRIN (
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13
Q

Infrequency (F)

A
  • 60 items; 90% of standard normal group resp. in the same direction on these items, so deviation is unusual- Detects tendency to respond unusually; the main theme is psychoticism- Normal controls score under 55T (Raw = 6)- High F is among most sensitive scales indicating severity of maladjustment. Elevated F = poor comprehension, random responding, severe psychosis, or malingering
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14
Q

F-Back Scale (FB)

A
  • 40 items. Same 90% agreement as F scale.- Functions like F but later in the test (After #281, most items between #300-#567)-Theme is acute distress and depression
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15
Q

Infrequency-Psychopathology Scale – F(p)

A
  • Designed to understand F scale elevation, which could be poor comprehension, random response, and fake/real psychopathology- Items were endorsed by
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16
Q

Lie Scale (L)

A
  • Endorsement of culturally-laudable but rare attitudes/practices. Tryin’ to look good- 15 Items- Low: acknowledging faults. Typical of more sophisticated people- High: Rigid, concrete thinker. Likely unsophisticated – obvious attempt to look good
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17
Q

K Scale (K Correction Scale)

A
  • Measures defensiveness, but less lofty than L; about daily things and coping- 30 items- High: able to manage stressors, competent. Found with vocational achievement and education (higher, not elevated scores show this) - However, High K + emotional problems = lack of insight, dogmatic, controlling - Low: overwhelmed by stressors and unable to cope
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18
Q

Superlative Self-Presentation Scale (S)

A
  • Measures: belief in goodness, serenity, contentment, patience, denial of anger or moral flaws- Correlates with K scale- High scorers might be relaxed, un-moody, “chill”- Functioning must be looked at. If S+K are high and patient functions, may reflect ego strength. If not, could be faking good
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19
Q

Validity Indices: F - FB

A
  • If FB > F by 6 or more = Invalid back half and therefore invalid test- Could reflect fatigue or other problems in second half of test
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20
Q

Validity Indices: F - K Index

A
  • Dissimulation Index: one of the originals. Did the individual attempt to exaggerate psychopathology?-F-K > 12 (women) or 17 (men) = “fake bad”-F-K
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21
Q

Scale 1 - Hypochondriasis (Hs)

A
  • Somatic/Physical Issues Mild elev. –> actual problems High elev. –> vague, bizarre somatic
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22
Q

Scale 2 - Depression (D)

A
  • Distress/Dysphoria Mild elev. –> distress, dissatisfaction, mild depression High elev. –> clinical depression
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23
Q

Scale 3 - Hysteria (Hy)

A
  • Denial + Physical symptoms Mild elev. –> medical patients w/ mild tendency to avoid feelings; express emotions through ailments High elev. –> denial of emotional problems; tendency to express feelings through symptoms more intense; lack of insight; conforming, naive, immature psychologically
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24
Q

Scale 4 - Psychopathic Deviate (Pd)

A
  • Rebelliousness, Antisocial behavior Mild elev. –> rebellion that is socially acceptable; dislike of authority High elev. –> tendency for AS/Criminal behavior; serious disregard for authority; angry and impulsive
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25
Q

Scale 5 - Masculinity-Femininity (Mf)

A
  • Elevations = opposite-sex ID- Lower scores = traditional gender role ID/BxDoes not determine sexual orientation.
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26
Q

Scale 6 - Paranoia (Pa)

A
  • Mild elevations = suspicion, rationalization, external blame- Higher elevations = frank paranoia; hostility; persecutory anxiety
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27
Q

Scale 7 - Psychasthenia (Pt)

A
  • Mild elevations = obsessions, gen. anxiety, self-doubt- Higher elevations = anxiety disorder
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28
Q

Scale 8 - Schizophrenia (Sc)

A
  • Mild elevations = bizarre experiences, social alienation, severe stress reaction- High scores (>75) may suggest: psychosis, head injury, schizoid personality, acute distress, substance abuse, cry for help
29
Q

Scale 9 - Hypomania (Ma)

A
  • Mild elevation = distractible, high energy, occasional grandiosity, suspiciousness, irritability- High elevations = hypomania to mania symptoms (expansive, elated, euphoric)Consider activity level.
30
Q

Scale 0 - Social Introversion (Si)

A
  • T
31
Q

Name three possibilities for single-scale invalidity

A

Cannot say >30VRIN >15TRIN 13

32
Q

What is FB for?

A

FB compares distress reporting in the two halves of the test to find more subtle fatigue, faking, or emotional provocation in patients.It was determined like the F scale (response pool 90% in agreement, thus endorsement of these items is rare)

33
Q

What is F(p) for?

A
  • F(p) helps understand F scale elevations.- F(p) was determined with a psychiatric population, rather than a normal one, who endorsed
34
Q

Conversion V

A

132 or 213 (or flipped to 231) * * *Hs D Hy Pd Mf Pa Pt Sc Ma Si- High hypochondriasis, hysteria + depression

35
Q

Passive-Aggressive V (Scarlett O’Hara V)

A

465 or 645 * * *Hs D Hy Pd Mf Pa Pt Sc Ma Si- High deviance and paranoia w/ elevated MF (gender nonconformity)

36
Q

Psychotic V (Paranoid Valley)

A

687 or 867 (can be flipped to 768/786) * * *Hs D Hy Pd Mf Pa Pt Sc Ma Si

37
Q

Five Steps in Interpretation

A
  1. Determine validity2. ID significant configurations (up to 3 scales, e.g. “conversion V”)3. ID all code types >65T (2- and 3-scale)4. Spike elevations IF only one scale stands out5. ID relevant LOW scoresValid-Config-Code-Spike-Low
38
Q

K+ Profile (false negative)

A
  • K at least 60 K > F by at least 5T L + K > F- No scale above 65T 6 scales below 56TThis may be a defensive person who sees mental problems as weakness. Sometimes high SES, denying. Could be suspicious and fearful. 48% are psychotic? If inpatient, suggest a false negative.
39
Q

Floating Profile

A
  • High F (>80T)- All or most scales about >65A little bit of everything! BPD may figure in; moodiness, outbursts, and various defenses, with no pattern.
40
Q

Seven Report Sections

A
  • Intro, History, Bx Observations, Tests, Results, Summary/Dx, Recommendations
41
Q

Good rapport building stuff for client feedback

A
  • Be empathic- Avoid jargon- Use pg. 1 summary as prop if feasible- Ask patient to summarize to show their comprehension- Don’t be defensive; ask for their experience
42
Q

16PF Global Factors (5)

A

ExtraversionIndependenceTough-mindednessSelf-controlAnxiety”EAST-I” or”i.e. TSA”

43
Q

16PF: RIASEC

A

RealisticInvestigative ArtisticSocial EnterprisingConventional

44
Q

How many 16PF Items are there?

A

185.

45
Q

What does PF stand for?

A

Personality Factors

46
Q

What factor was ‘separated out’ for the MMPI-2-RF?

A

Demoralization

47
Q

MMPI: Pros and Cons of RC scales?

A

Cons: May deviate too far from original scales and previous research may not be useful for this reason. Pros: Equal to higher internal consistency, reliability, validity

48
Q

MMPI: Linear T Scores vs. Uniform

A

MMPI uses Uniform (similar % values) except for 5 and 0, which are Linear (not forced into normal curve bc they supposedly do not represent clinical constructs)

49
Q

MMPI: Underrepresented Groups

A
  • Native Americans- Asians- 70-84 y.o.- people with under 12 years of education
50
Q

CISS correspondences to Holland Themes

A

R – ProducingI – A(N)alyzingA – CreatingS – HelpingE – InfluencingC – Organizing[Also Adventuring, which doesn’t correspond]PNCHIO PACHIO (both sound kind of like Pinocchio. Might not need to know this anyway.)

51
Q

Campbell Interest and Skills Inventory (CISS)

A
  • 320 items- 6-point Likert Scale- 25 minutes- 6th grade reading level- Age 15 and up (I) High Low High | Pursue Explore |(A) Low | Develop Avoid |
52
Q

CISS Scales and Ranges

A
  • Orientation - Basic Skills and Interests Both 30-70- Occupational 25-75
53
Q

Skill Types

A
  • Transferable- Existing Certifications or Licensures- Hobby Skills- Other
54
Q

Some Work Sample Examples (3)

A
  • Purdue Pegboard- Valpar Work Sample System- Computer Skills / Keyboarding
55
Q

Achievement/Academic Tests (4)

A
  • Woodcock-Johnson- WIAT-III- WRAT-IV- Nelson-Denny
56
Q

Assessing Job Readiness (3)

A
  • Work history- Knowledge of the world of work- Job seeking skills
57
Q

Vocational Goal-setting (3)

A
  • Specificity- Realism- Drive
58
Q

Areas in Vocational Report

A
  • History/Background- Disability Factors- Vocational Goals- Aptitudes- Achievement- Skills- Interests - Samples of Work- Behavior ObservationsBASH DIVAS
59
Q

Attendant Factors

A
  • Limitations based on the person (disability, religious commitments, etc.)
60
Q

Suicide Items on MMPI-2

A

303, #506, #520, #524 – all TRUEMost of time wish I were deadI have recently considered killing myselfLately I have thought a lot about killing myselfNo one knows it but I have tried to kill myself

61
Q

MMPI-2 in specific populations

A
  • Olders: 70+ underrepresented but no new norms needed, only small differences found, T +65 likely indicates same problems across age groups- Adolescents: MMPI-A (1992) 478 items 14-18 7th grade reading level adequate internal const., test-retest less stable over one year.
62
Q

Interpreting Content Scales

A
  • Use entire 567 items (not 370)- Refine meanings of clinical scales- Good consistency/stability/validity- Limited usefulness with: [High K] or [Low L-Low K-High F]T > 65: many descriptorsT 60-65: fewer descriptors
63
Q

Ethnic Groups

A
  • African Americans: few differences if matched by age and SES. Explore context if deviant scores- Hispanics: Spanish available. More similarities than differences, match by SES- Native Americans: moderately high scores in general (T=50-60)- Asian Americans: more research required- Substance Abuse: Scale 4, APS/AAS/MAC-R Less research on Rx drugs than alcohol, scales stay high even after recovery; know patient
64
Q

PTSD

A
  • PK scale - 60 male Vietnam Vets for Norming- Emotional turmoil: anx, worry, guilt, dep., disturbing thoughts, lack of emotional control- Applicability: military. Susceptible to overreporting. PK may indicate general distress if VERY high.
65
Q

Psychotic vs. Neurotic Slope

A

Psychotic: mostly elevation after 5Neurotic: mostly elevation before 5 VERY GENERAL

66
Q

Spike Profile

A

Any scale over 65 and higher than all other scales by at least 8 T-scores

67
Q

Non-psychotic 678

A

Scale 7 (middle, Pt) is the highest. Tense, preoccupied with failure Much less likely to be psychotic than if 7 is lower than 68

68
Q

Uses for Vocational Assessment

A
  • Counseling- Out placement (merger, downsizing, fired)– transferrable skills- Contract with companies for staffing- HS/Colleges often through parents- Consultant/Expert witness Disability, Social Security, Impact of Injury/Income
69
Q

BFJR

A

Bona Fide Job Requirement – used to exclude people from jobs

Rehab Counseling (15 decks)

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