Assessment and Management of Patients With Eye and Vision Disorders Flashcards
Emmetropia
normal vision
Myopia
nearsighted
Hyperopia
farsighted
Astigmatism
Distortion caused by irregularity of the cornea
Ptosis
Drooping eyelid
Nystagmus
Oscillating movement of eyeball
Assessment of Low Vision
- History
- Examination of vision
- Functional ability, coping, and adaptation
Presbyopia
Loss of accommodative power in the lens
Glaucoma
A group of eye diseases that can cause vision loss and blindness by damaging a nerve in the back of your eye called the optic nerve
Cataracts
A cloudy area in the lens of your eye
Detached Retina
Separation of the sensory retina and the RPE (retinal pigment epithelium)
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD)
Leading cause of irreversible blindness and visual impairment in the world
Manifestations Hearing Loss
- Tinnitus: perception of sound; often “ringing in the ears”
- Increased inability to hear in a group
- Turning up the volume on the TV
Cerumen impaction
Removal may be by irrigation, suction, or instrumentation
External otitis
Inflammation commonly caused by bacteria Staphylococcus or Pseudomonas, or fungal infection from Aspergillus spp
Manifestations include pain and tenderness, discharge, edema, erythema, pruritus, hearing loss, feelings of fullness in the ear
Acute otitis media
- Pathogens are most commonly bacterial or viral
- Manifestations include otalgia (ear pain), fever, and hearing loss
Serous otitis media
Fluid in the middle ear without evidence of infection
Chronic otitis media
- Result of recurrent acute otitis media
- Chronic infection damages the tympanic membrane, ossicle, and involves the mastoid
Dizziness
Any altered sense of orientation in space
Vertigo
The illusion of motion or a spinning sensation
Nystagmus
Involuntary rhythmic movement of the eyes associated with vestibular dysfunction
Ménière Disease
Abnormal inner ear fluid balance cause by malabsorption of the endolymphatic sac or blockage of the endolymphatic duct
