Assessment

Question 1

Readiness to Exercise

Answer 1

Transtheoretical Model (TTM)

The TTM is a model of intentional change that focuses on the decision
making of an individual regarding changing behavior (e.g., starting to exercise, changing a diet, taking medications correctly). An individual will move back and forth through six stages of change:
• Precontemplation—Individuals do not intend to change their
behavior in the next 6 months; they are unaware of the problem
behavior or are demoralized by unsuccessful previous a􀄴empts to
change behavior.
• Contemplation—Individuals are aware they need to change their
behavior. They intend to take action within the next 6 months but
lack commitment to actually start changing.
• Preparation—Individuals have decided to take action in the
immediate future, usually measured as the next month. They often
have a concrete plan of action, such as buying an exercise bike,
joining a club, or asking family members to walk with them.
• Action —Individuals have made specific overt changes in their
lifestyles within the past 6 months.
• Maintenance—People have shown the desired behavior for over 6
months and are working to prevent relapse.

• socioeconomic factors
• physical health
• body alignment

Question 2

Mobility abilities

Answer 2

• Sitting - Note whether a patient can sit on the side of the bed or in a chair upright. A patient’s ability to do so affects his or her ability to perform self-care activities
• Standing - A patient should be able to raise the bu􀄴ocks off the bed and hold for a count of five (Boynton et al., 2014a,b).The ability to achieve this maneuver indicates good mobility and balance, which are needed to safely stand.
• Range of motion - Assess ROM
  to clarify the extent of joint stiffness, swelling, pain, limited movement, and unequal movement.
• Gait - Observe the patient entering the room, and note speed, stride, and
  balance.
  2. Ask the patient to walk across the room, turn, and come back.
  3. Ask the patient to walk heel-to-toe in a straight line. This may be difficult for older patients even in the absence of disease, so stay at the patient’s side during the walk.
• Exercise - determine a patient’s preferred form of exercise, level of intensity, and frequency of exercise.
• Activity tolerance- Activity tolerance is the type and amount of exercise or work that a person is able to perform without undue exertion or injury. Assess heart rate and blood pressure response to activity by comparing with baseline rates at rest