Assessment 3 Flashcards
What is an isotope?
An atom of an element with a different # of neutrons. Occurs randomly
What is the atomic number?
The number of protons
Majority metals
Solid at room temp., high melting point, good conductors, malleable
What are atoms made of?
Particles. Protons, neutrons, electrons, energy
Ion
Electrically charged atom that gained or lost electrons
Left to right on periodic table
Increasing atomic mass
Top to bottom on periodic table
Elements into groups with similar physical and chemical properties
Non metals
Bad conductors, gas at room temp, low boiling point
Ionic bond
Positive ion (cation) and negative ion (anion) combine
Covalent bond
When atoms share electrons to become stable. Atoms have similar electron affinity
Diatomic molecule
Two atoms of the same element combined
Metallic bond
Bonding of all metal atoms. Valence es are not strongly bond
Ionic compounds
Solid at room temp, will shatter, good conductor, electrolyte, high melting point
Covalent compound
Liquid or gas, lower melting point, poor conductors
Valence electrons
Electrons in the outermost shell in atoms. Want to obey “octet rule”
Ionization energy
The energy used to remove an electron from an atom. Increases left to right on periodic table
Quark
Subatomic particle that carries a fractional electric charge
Modern view of atoms
Quantum mechanics. Electrons occupy a region which space is described with math equations
Mass number
Protons+electrons. *not the same as atomic mass
How is atomic mass found?
The average mass of all isotopes that are measured and then multiplied by % found in nature
Electron dot diagram (Lewis structure)
Shows # valence electrons and can help determine how reactive or what kind of bond will occur with the element
Molecule
Two or more atoms combined. Pure substance. Can both be same element
Compound
Type of molecule where 2 or more atoms of different elements combine
Accelerators
Take a particle and speeds it up using electromagnetic fields and bashes particles into a target or another atom. At collision point detectors record how many pieces
