Assessment Flashcards
Analog or Functional Analysis Assessment
This is when a Behavior Analyst manipulates the environment to determine the function of the behavior.
Antecedent Behavior Consequence Data Collection (ABC)
This is a type of data collection in which you record what happened before the behavior occurred (antecedent), record what the behavior looked like (behavior) and record the what happened immediately after the behavior (consequence).
Baseline
Finding out where a client’s skills or behaviors are before beginning therapy. Before beginning to teach a new skill, a baseline probe should be conducted in order to identify whether the learner already has the skill.
Curriculum-Based Assessment
Curriculum-based assessment (CBA) and curriculum-based measurement (CBM) are the repeated, direct assessment of targeted skills in basic areas, such as math, reading, writing, and spelling.
Daily Living Skills
These are skills that people use every day to function. They include personal hygiene and grooming, dressing and undressing, meal preparation and eating, moving around the community, toileting, housekeeping, laundry, and safety skills.
Direct FBA Procedures
Part of an FBA will include direct observations and skill assessments. These procedures involve observing the client and recording what is seen.
Free Operant Preference Assessment
The therapist does not interact with the client. The therapist observes which items the client interacts with and records the time spent with the item.
Functional Behavior Assessment (FBA)
A functional behavior assessment is a set of procedures used to determine why someone is engaging in maladaptive behavior.
Multiple Stimulus Preference Assessment with Replacement
The therapist presents multiple items at a time and records which item the client chooses to interact with. Once the item is chosen the therapist places it back into the mix of multiple items.
Indirect FBA Procedures
Part of an FBA may include record reviews, interviews, and rating scales. There is very little contact with the client.
Multiple Stimulus Preference Assessment without Replacement
The therapist presents multiple items at a time and records which item the client chooses to interact with. Allow the client to interact with the item for 30 seconds. Once an item is chosen the therapist does not place it back into the array.
Paired Choice Preference Assessment (Forced Choice Preference Assessment)
The therapist presents 2 items to the client and records which item the client chooses.
Preference Assessment
A set of procedures used to determine if one or more stimuli may function to increase the rate of a specific behavior or behaviors when delivered following the occurrence of that behavior.
Single Item Preference Assessment
The therapist simply presents one item after another. The therapist records whether the client consumed/interacted with the item, made no response to the item, or avoided the item.
Skill Assessments
Determine where a client’s skills are. They typically assess areas such as social skills, coping skills, self-help skills, language skills, learning skills, daily living skills, communications skills.
Social Skills
Skills used to communicate and interact with people. Social skills include verbal and non-verbal communication, body language and personal appearance.
Backwards Chaining
Training begins the link with the last behavior in the sequence.
Behavior Chain
A sequence of behaviors that must be performed correctly.
Conditioned Reinforcers (add unconditional and continuous)
The effectiveness of the reinforcer is dependent on the learning history. Things that differ from one person to another, such as music, specific types of food, electronics. Also known as secondary reinforcers.
Discriminative Stimuli (SD)
A stimulus in the presence of which a particular response will be reinforced.
Discrimination Training
This procedure involves reinforcing one behavior and extinguishing the behavior (not reinforcing) in the presence of other stimuli.
Discrete Trail Training (DTT)
A teaching method in which learning trials are presented in quick succession, with a clear beginning and clear end to each trial. There are three parts to a discrete trial.
Fixed Interval (FI
Providing reinforcement on an interval (average) time ratio.
Fixed Ratio (FR)
Providing reinforcement on a fixed response ratio.
Forward Chaining
Training begins the link with the first behavior in the sequence.
Full physical prompts
When you give the learner full physical guidance.
Generalization
Spreading the effects of training to other trainings and settings critical to ensure that ABA effects do not only take place during ABA training.
Gestural Prompt
A prompt where you indicate the correct response by gesturing in some way.
Intermittent Reinforcement
All other schedules when reinforcement does not occur after every response.
Least-to-Most Prompt Fading
Includes procedures where fewer prompts are provided at the beginning of a teaching interaction and gradually more intrusive prompts are faded in when the learner needs help.
Maintenance
Probing the client to ensure that they still are able to do mastered skills. Model prompt A prompt in which you demonstrate the desired response.
Most to Least Prompt Fading
This prompt works in the reverse direction. With MTL prompt fading, you begin the teaching interaction by providing a prompt that you are sure will help the learner make the correct response; then you fade the prompts out.
Naturalistic Training Procedures
Uses natural techniques, and its delivery and can be embedded within play or every day routines.
Negative Punishment
Taking something away that will increase the future probability that the behavior will decrease.
Negative Reinforcement
Negative reinforcement is removing something from the environment to increase the future probability of the behavior occurring.
Partial physical prompt
A physical prompt in which less than the full amount of physical assistance is provided.
Physical prompt
A prompt in which you provide some amount of physical assistance in order to help the learner do the expected behavior.
Positive Punishment
Introducing something that will increase the future probability that the behavior will decrease.
Positive Reinforcement
Positive reinforcement is adding something to the environment to increase the future probability of the behavior occurring.
Proximity Prompt
A prompt where the stimulus that corresponds to the correct response is placed closer to the learner than other stimuli.
Punisher
Any consequence that decreases a behavior.
Response Generalization
When one behavior occurs in the presence of a stimulus and then another behavior occurs in the presence of the stimulus.
S-Delta A
Stimulus in the presence of which a particular response will not be reinforced.
Shaping
Defined as differentially reinforcing successive approximations toward a terminal behavior.
Stimulus Generalization
Occurs when stimuli that share similar physical characteristics with the controlling stimulus evoke the same behavior as the controlling stimulus.
Time Delay
Prompt Fading You can also insert a time delay that occurs after instruction but before the prompt.
Token economies
Reinforcement systems that employ a monetary system (token reinforcers) and backup reinforcer.
Total Task Chaining Training
Provided for every behavior in the sequence during every training session.
Variable Interval (VI)
Providing reinforcement on a variable (average) time ratio.
Variable Ratio (VR)
Providing reinforcement on a variable response ratio.
Verbal Prompt
Supplementary words, instructions, or questions to assist a learner in demonstrating a correct response are called verbal prompts.
Visual Prompt
Often used to help clients with transitions and schedules.
