Assessment Flashcards
What does afebrile mean?
Body temperature is not elevated
Apnea
Absence of breathing
auscultatory gap
diminished/absent Korotkoff sounds, occurs during manual blood pressure reading
Blood pressure
force of blood against arterial walls
Bradycardia
slow heart rate
Bradypnea
slow rate of breathing
Dyspnea
difficult/labored breathing
Dysrhythmia
abnormal cardiac output
Febrile
elevated body temperature
Eupnea
normal respirations
Hypertension
blood pressure above normal limit
Hyperthermia
high body temperature
Hypotension
blood pressure below normal limits
Hypothermia
low body temperature
Korotkoff sounds
series of sounds that correspond to changes in blood flow
Orthopnea
type of dyspnea where breathing is easier when patient sits/stand
Orthostatic hypotension
temporary fall in blood pressure associated with assuming and upright position
Pulse
wave produced in the wall of an artery with each beat of the heart
Pulse deficit
difference between apical and radial pulse
Pulse Pressure
difference between systolic and diastolic pressures
Pyrexia
elevation above the upper limit of normal body temperature; synonym for fever
Respirations
Gas exchange between atmospheric air in the alveoli and blood in the capillaries
Systolic pressure
highest point of pressure on arterial walls when ventricles contratct
Tachycardia
Rapid heart rate
Tachypnea
rapid rate of breathing
Temperature
refers to hotness of coldness of a substance
Vital signs
body temp, pulse and respirations, blood pressure; synonym for cardinal signs
Activities of daily living (ADL)
self-care activities such as eating, bathing, dressing, and toileting
Adventitious breath sounds
abnormal breath sounds heard over lungs
Auscultation
listening for sound within the body
Body mass index (BMI)
ratio of height to weight
Bronchial breath sounds
sounds heard over the larynx and trachea, high pitched, harsh blowing sounds, with sound on expiration being longer than inspiration
Bronchovesicular breath sounds
normal breath sounds heard over the mainstem bronchus; moderate breath sounds. inspiration=expiration
Comprehensive health assessment
health assessment that consists of health history and physical assessment; usually conducted when a patient first enters a health care setting. provides a baseline for comparing later assessments.
Cyanosis
bluish coloring of the skin and mucous membranes
Ecchymosis
collection of blood in subcutaneous tissues that cause purple discoloration
Diaphoresis
excessive amount of perspiration ( sweat)
Edema
accumulation of fluid
Emergency health assessment
rapid focused assessment conducted during life- threatening/ unstable situation
Erythema
redness of skin
Focused health assessment
assessment conducted to assess a specific problem.
Health history
collection of subjective information about a persons health status
Inspection
purposeful and systematic observation
Instrumental activities of daily living (IADL)
activities of daily living needed for independent living
Jaundice
yellow appearance of skin
Ongoing partial assessment
“follow up assessment”. conducted at regular intervals during care of the patient.
Pallor
paleness of skin
Palpation
feeling a body part with fingers/hands
Petechiae
small, purplish hemorrhagic spots on skin that do not blanch with applied pressure
Physical assessment
examination of the patient for objective data to better define patients condition
Precordium
anterior surface of chest wall overlying the heart
Review of systems
physical examination of all body systems in a systematic manner as part of the nursing assessment
Turgor
tension of skin (elasticity) determined by its hydration
Vesicular breath sounds
Normal sound of respiration heard on auscultation over peripheral lungs.
Newborn (birth-28 days) normal temp
97.2-99.9F
Newborn; normal pulse
95-170
Newborn; normal respirations
30-60
Newborn; normal blood pressure
60-70/40
Infant ; normal temp
96.0-99.7F
Infant; normal pusle
85-170
Infant; normal blood pressure
85/37
Infant; normal respirations
30-50
Toddler (1-3); normal temp
96-90F
Toddler (1-3); normal pulse
70-150
Toddler (1-3); normal respirations
20-40
Toddler (1-3); normal blood pressure
88/42
Child (3-12); normal temp
96-99F
Child (3-12); normal pulse
65-130
Child (3-12); normal respirations
15-25
Child (3-12); normal BP
95/57
Adolescent (12-18); normal temp
96.4-99.5F
Adolescent ( 12-18); normal pulse
60-115
Adolescent (12-18); normal respirations
12-20
Adolescent (12-18); normal BP
102/60
Adult (18-65); normal temp
96.4-99.5F
Adult(18-65); normal pulse
60-115
Adult (18-65); normal respirations
12-20
Adult (18-65); normal BP
120/80
Aged adult (65+); normal temp
96.4-98.3F
Aged adult (65+); normal pulse
40-100
Aged adult (65+); normal respirations
16-24
Aged adult (65+); normal BP
120/80
Bradycardia has how many beats/min
less than 60
Tachycardia has how many beats per min
over 100
Tachypnea has how many breaths/min
More than 24
Bradypnea has how many breaths/min
more than 10
Bruit
abnormal “swooshing/blowing” sounds heard over a blood vessel.
Fever
elevation above the upper limit of normal body; fe