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HEALTH ASSESSMENT LEC > Assessing the Integumentary System > Flashcards

Assessing the Integumentary System Flashcards

1
Q

● Heaviest single organ of the body
● 16% of body weight
● Includes appendages such as hair follicles and
sebaceous glands
● Three layers: epidermis, dermis, subcutaneous
layers
● Protect underlying structures from physical
trauma and UV radiation
● Essential in maintaining body temperature,
fluid and sensation
● Involved in absorption and excretion, immunity,
and synthesis of vitamin D from the sun

A

The Skin

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2
Q

Layers of the Skin

A

Epidermis
Dermis
Subcutaneous Layer

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3
Q

● Outer visible layer
● Avascular
● Contains keratin

A

Epidermis

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4
Q

● Made up of proteins and
mucopolysaccharides
● Contains nerve tissues, blood vessels,
sweat and sebum glands, and hair follicles

A

Dermis

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5
Q

● Made up of fatty connective tissue

A

Subcutaneous Layer

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6
Q

● Made up of keratinized cells
● Grows from hair follicles supplied by blood
vessels
● Types: Vellus and Terminal hair
● Provides protection by covering the scalp and
filtering dust and debris away from the nose,
ears, and eyes

A

The Hair

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7
Q

Types of Hair

A

Vellus hair
● Short, pale, and fine hair

Terminal hair
● Dark and coarse
● Found on the scalp, brows, legs, axillae and perineum

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8
Q

● Made up of hard, keratinized cells and grow
from a nail root under the cuticle
● Protect the distal ends of the fingers and toes
and aid in picking up objects
● Other structures: free edge, nailbed, lunula
● Vascular supply is on the nailbed; gives the nail
a pink color
● Fingernails: grow approximately 0.1mm daily
● Toenails grow more slowly

A

The Nails

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9
Q

Sweat glands

A

Eccrine glands
o Widely distributed, open directly onto the skin surface
o Help control body temperature

Apocrine glands
▪ Axillary and genital regions
▪ Open into hair follicles
▪ Responsible for adult body odor due to bacterial decomposition

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10
Q

produce fatty substance secreted
onto the skin surface through the hair follicles and lubricates the hair shaft

A

Sebaceous gland

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11
Q

The Respiratory System

If respiration is impaired,
alterations is the skin are
most often evident through
the development of

A

cyanosis

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12
Q

Bluish discoloration of the skin, as hemoglobin becomes unsaturated with oxygen.

A

CYANOSIS

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13
Q

Occurs when O2 saturation is <80% and results in diffuse changes in the skin and mucous membranes.

A

CENTRAL CYANOSIS

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14
Q

Occurs in response to decreased
cardiac output
Evident in areas of the body such
as the nail beds and lips
May also be evident when an
individual is chilled

A

PERIPHERAL CYANOSIS

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15
Q

Loss of the normal angle between
the nail and nail bed owing to
bulbous swelling of the soft tissue
of the terminal phalanx of a digit
due to severe and chronic
cardiopulmonary diseases

A

Nail Clubbing

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16
Q

Normal Angle of Nail

A

180 degrees

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17
Q

Angle of Finger clubbing

A

less than 180 degrees

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18
Q

The Cardiovascular System

The skin layer contains a network of blood vessels, which contribute to its ability to regulate temperature and obtain nourishment.

Alterations in the cardiovascular system can lead to

A

circulatory impairment and
changes in skin color and temperature

Lesions, ulcerations, necrosis, and
cyanosis may develop.

  • Pressure Ulcer
  • Foot Gangrene
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19
Q

The Gastrointestinal System

The GI system is responsible for:

A

the conversion of food to absorbable nutrients and elimination of wastes.

With GI disorders, the body’s ability to excrete toxins is impaired and
accumulation of toxins may become evident in the skin.

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20
Q

Skin Manifestations

Yellowish discoloration of the skin due to bile build-up secondary to impaired bile secretion

A

Jaundice

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21
Q

Lipid deposits in the skin due to altered lipid metabolism

A

Xanthomas

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22
Q

Other Skin Manifestations – Vitamin A Deficiency

abnormally dry,
scaly skin or membranes

A

Xerosis

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23
Q

Other Skin Manifestations – Vitamin A Deficiency

hyperkeratosis of the
skin manifested by red-brown
follicular papules that are
approximately 2-6mm in diameter,
with a central keratotic spinous plug

A

Phrynoderma

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24
Q

Other Skin Manifestations – Riboflavin Deficiency

chapping and
fissuring of the lips

A

Cheilosis

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25
Q

Other Skin Manifestations – Riboflavin Deficiency

sore, red tongue

A

Glossitis

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26
Q

Other Skin Manifestations – Vitamin C Deficiency

A

Capillary fragility resulting in

purpura
petechiae, and
ecchymosis in the skin

splinter hemorrhages in the nails

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27
Q

Other Skin Manifestations – Vitamin C Deficiency

A

Corkscrew hair
Alopecia

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28
Q

Other Skin Manifestations – Iron Deficiency

A
  • Longitudinal ridges on the
    nails
  • Koilonychia – spoon like convexity
    of the nails
  • Thinning of hair
  • Palmar crease pallor – loss of pink color in the palmar creases on the full open palms
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29
Q

spoonlike convexity
of the nails

A

Koilonychia

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30
Q

loss of pink
color in the palmar creases on the
full open palms

A

Palmar crease pallor

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31
Q

Other Skin Manifestations – Protein Deficiency

A
  • Flag sign – alternating
    horizontal bands of
    hypopigmentation of the
    hair
  • Enamel paint skin – dark, dry kin
    that splits open when stretched,
    revealing pale areas between the
    cracks
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32
Q

alternating
horizontal bands of
hypopigmentation of the
hair

A

Flag sign

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33
Q

dark, dry kin
that splits open when stretched,
revealing pale areas between the
cracks

A

Enamel paint skin

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34
Q
  • Responsible for filtering the
    blood, production of red blood
    cells, and regulation of
    electrolyte and fluid status
A

The Urinary System

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35
Q

Alteration in the renal function
may lead to

A

toxin and fluid
build-up

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36
Q

Tiny, yellow-white urea crystals
deposits on the skin resulting in a
frosted appearance as sweat
evaporates

A

Uremic frost

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37
Q

Impaired renal function may result in fluid retention as manifested by

A

Edema

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38
Q
  • Autonomic nerve fibers permit
    sensations of touch, temperature,
    pressure, vibrations, and pain,
    control the skin’s blood vessels and glands, regulating the skin’s temperature, moisture, and oiliness.
  • Alterations in the nervous system
    can place a person at risk for injury and discomfort.
A

The Neurological System

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39
Q

The Endocrine System
* Alterations of the endocrine
the system may affect the skin in
myriad ways :

A

Diabetes
- Diabetic foot ulcers

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40
Q

Thyroid Disease

The skin is often dry and cool and
becomes puffy, with nonpitting
edema.

It may develop a yellow hue as
carotene accumulates
The hair becomes dull, brittle, and
sparse

A

Hypothyroidism

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41
Q

Thyroid Disease

The skin is warmer, sweatier, and
smoother than usual
The nails are thin and brittle and
may separate from the nail plate
The hair is fine and silky, with
patchy hair loss

A

Hyperthyroidism

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42
Q

Adrenal Disease

Bronze discoloration of the skin
and alopecia

A

Hypofunction (Addison’s
Disease)

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43
Q

Adrenal Disease

Violaceous striae, facial acne,
hirsutism, acanthosis nigricans

A

Hyperfunction (Cushing’s
Syndrome)

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44
Q
  • Involved in protecting the body
    from both external and
    endogenous factors
A

The Lymphatic/Immune
System

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45
Q

Impairments in the immune
system may result in

A

typical rashes or lesions

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46
Q

The Lymphatic/Immune
System

Skin Manifestations

A
  • Hypersensitivity
    reaction
  • Psoriasis
  • Butterfly rash in Systemic
    Lupus Erythematosus
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47
Q

GROWTHS

A
  • Ask if the patient is concerned about any new growths or
    rashes
  • “Have you noticed any changes in your skin? Your hair? Your nails?
  • “Have you had any rashes? Sores? Lumps? Itching?”
  • If the patient reports a new growth, pursue the patient’s
    personal and family history of skin cancer
  • Note the type, location, and date of any past skin cancer and ask
    about regular self-skin examination and use of sunscreen
  • Also ask “Has anyone in your family had a skin cancer removed? If
    so, who? Do you know what type of skin cancer?”
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48
Q

RASHES

A
  • Ask about itching – the most important symptom when
    assessing rashes
  • Does the itching precede the rash or follow the rash?
  • For itchy rashes, ask abut seasonal allergies with itching and
    watery eyes, asthma, and atopic dermatitis, often accompanied by
    rash on the inside of the elbows and knees in childhood
  • Can the patient sleep all night or does itching wake up the patient
  • Find out what type of moisturizer or over-the-counter products
    have been applied
  • Ask about dry skin, which can cause itching and rash
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49
Q

TYPE OF RASHES

A

Atopic Dermatitis

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50
Q

HAIR LOSS OR NAIL CHANGES

A

Hair loss
* Ask if there is hair thinning or hair shedding and, if so, where? (the most common causes of diffuse hair thinning are male and female pattern baldness)

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51
Q

Hair shedding at the roots is common in:

A

telogen effluvium and alopecia areata

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52
Q

Hair breaks along the shaft suggest damage from hair care or…

A

tinea capitis

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53
Q

Be familiar with common nail changes

A

Nail changes

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54
Q

frontal hairline regression and thinning on the posterior vertex.

A

Male pattern hair loss

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55
Q

thinning those spreads from the crown down without hairline regression

A

Female pattern hair loss

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56
Q

temporary hair
loss due to the excessive shedding
of resting or telogen hair several
months after a person experiences
a traumatic event or stress

A

Telogen effluvium

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57
Q

an autoimmune disorder that results in unpredictable, patchy hair loss

A

Alopecia areata

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58
Q

– fungal infection of the scalp that causes itchy,
scaly, bald patches on the head

A

Tinea capitis

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59
Q

a superficial infection
of the proximal and lateral nail
folds adjacent to the nail plate that
arises from local trauma due to nail biting, manicuring or frequent
immersion in water

A

Paronychia

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60
Q

a bulbous swelling
of the soft tissue at the nail base,
with the loss of the normal angle
between the nail and the proximal
nail fold. Seen in congenital heart
disease, interstitial lung disease
and lung cancer

A

Nail clubbing

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61
Q

depression of
the central nail with a “Christmas
tree” appearance from small
horizontal depressions, resulting
from repetitive trauma from
rubbing the index finger over the
thumb or vice versa.

A

Habit Tic deformity

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62
Q

increased pigmentation in the nail matrix, leading to a streak as the nail grows out.

A

Melanonychia

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63
Q

painless separation
of the whitened opaque nail plate
from the pinker translucent nail
bed which may be caused by
trauma from excess manicuring,
psoriasis, fungal infection, and
allergic reactions to nail cosmetics.

A

Onycholysis

64
Q

a fungal infection
of the nails that cause
discoloration, thickening, and
separation from the nail bed

A

Onychomycosis

65
Q

nail plate turns white
with a ground-glass appearance, a
distal band of reddish brown, and
obliteration of the lunula. Seen in
liver disease, heart failure, and
diabetes.

A

Terry nails

66
Q

transverse depressions of the nail plates, usually bilateral, resulting from temporary disruption of the
proximal nail growth from systemic illness

A

Beau’s lines

67
Q

punctuate depressions of the nail plate caused by
defective layering of the superficial nail plate by the proximal
nail matrix. Usually associated with psoriasis

A

Pitting

68
Q
  • Ask the client to remove all clothing and jewelry and put on an examination
    gown
  • Ask to remove nail enamel, artificial nails, wigs, toupees, or hairpieces
  • Have the client sit comfortably on the examination table or bled
  • In assessing the skin on the buttocks and dorsal surfaces of the legs, the
    client may lie on her side or abdomen
  • Ensure privacy and comfortability
  • Sunlight is preferred, but a bright light can be used as well
  • Wear gloves when palpating any lesions
  • Clients from conservative religious groups may require the nurse to be the
    same sex as the client
A

PREPARING THE CLIENT

69
Q

PHYSICAL ASSESSMENT – SKIN (INSPECTION)

Inspect general skin color.

A

Evenly colored skin tones
without unusual prominent
discolorations

70
Q

Abnormal Findings

  • Seen in arterial insufficiency decreased blood supply, and anemia.
A

Pallor

71
Q

Abnormal Findings

  • Bluish discoloration
    of the skin, nailbeds, and
    mucosa
A

Cyanosis

72
Q

Abnormal Findings

  • Yellowish discoloration of the skin and mucosa
A

Jaundice

73
Q

Abnormal Findings

  • Roughening and darkening of
    skin in localized areas
    especially the posterior neck
A

Acanthosis nigricans

74
Q

Note any odors emanating from the skin.

Slight or no odor of perspiration
depending on activity

A strong odor of perspiration or
foul odor may indicate a disorder of …

A

sweat glands or poor hygiene.

75
Q

Inspect for color variations

Suntanned areas, freckles, or
white patches known as vitiligo;
albinism.

Dark-skinned clients may have
lighter-colored palms, soles,
nail beds, and lips

Freckle-like or dark streaks of
pigmentation are also common
in the sclera and nail beds of
dark-skinned clients

A

Rashes
Erythema (skin redness and
warmth) seen in inflammation,
allergic reactions, or trauma

76
Q

(skin redness and
warmth) seen in inflammation,
allergic reactions, or trauma

A

Erythema

77
Q

Check skin integrity. Pay
special attention to pressure
point areas.

Skin is intact, and there are no
reddened areas

Skin breakdown is initially noted
as reddened area on the skin
that may progress to serious
and painful…

A

pressure ulcers

78
Q

Inspect for lesions

  • Note color, shape and size.
    For very small lesions, use
    a magnifying glass
  • Note its location,
    distribution, and
    configuration
  • Measure the lesion with a
    centimeter ruler

Skin is smooth, without
lesions. Stretch marks, healed
scars, freckles, moles, or
birthmarks are common
findings. Freckles or moles
may be scattered over the skin
in no particular pattern.

what are the Types of Lesions:

A

Primary Lesion
Secondary Lesion
Vascular Lesion

79
Q

Type of lesion that arise from
normal skin due to irritation or
disease.

A

Primary lesions

80
Q

Type of lesion that arise from
changes in primary lesions

A

Secondary lesions

81
Q

Type of lesion that is reddish, bluish lesions, are seen with bleeding, venous pressure,
aging, liver disease, or
pregnancy.

A

Vascular lesions

82
Q

If you suspect a fungus, shine a Wood’s light on the lesion.

The lesion does not fluoresce.

Blue-green fluorescence
indicates…

A

fungal infection

83
Q

Stages of Pressure Ulcers

Presence of reddened area that fails to blanch with pressure, and changes in temperature, sensation, consistency or color.

A

Stage 1

84
Q

Stages of Pressure Ulcers

The skin forms a blister or sore. partial-thickness skin loss or ulceration involving dermis, epidermis or both.

A

Stage 2

85
Q

A crater appears in the skin with full thickness skin loss.

A

Stage 3

86
Q

The pressure of ulcers deepens. there is a full-thickness skin loss. with destructive, tissue necrosis, or damage to underlying muscle, bone, and sometimes, tendons and joints.

A

Stage 4

87
Q

PRIMARY LESIONS [FLAT SPOTS]

A

Macules and Patches

88
Q

small flat spot
measuring <1cm

A

Macules

89
Q

larger flat spot
measuring >1cm

A

Patches

90
Q

PRIMARY LESIONS [RAISED SPOTS]

A

Papule and Plaque

91
Q

small raised spot
measuring <1cm

A

Papule

92
Q

larger raised spot
measuring >1cm

A

Plaque

93
Q

PRIMARY LESIONS [FLUID-FILLED LESIONS]

A

vesicle and Bulla

94
Q

raised, fluid-filled,
and small lesion measuring
<1cm

A

Vesicle

95
Q
  • raised, fluid-filled, and
    large lesion measuring >1cm
A

Bulla

96
Q

PRIMARY LESIONS [OTHER LESIONS]

A

Pustules
Furuncle
Nodule
Subcutaneous Mass/Cyst
Wheal
Burrow

97
Q

small, palpable
collection of neutrophils or
keratin that appears white

A

Pustules

98
Q

– inflamed hair
follicle; multiple furuncles
together form a carbuncle

A

Furuncle

99
Q

multiple furuncles
together form a

A

carbuncle

100
Q

larger and deeper
than a papule

A

Nodule

101
Q

encapsulated collections of
fluid or semisolid

A

Subcutaneous mass/cyst

102
Q

area of localized
dermal edema that evanesces
within a period of 1-2 days

A

Wheal

103
Q

small, linear or
serpiginous pathways in the
epidermis created by the
scabies mite

A

Burrow

104
Q

SECONDARY LESIONS

A

Erosion
Scar (Cicatrix)
Ulcer
Fissure
Petechia
Ecchymosis
Hematoma
Cherry angioma
Spider angioma
Telangiectasis (Venous star)

105
Q

skin mark left
after healing of wound or
lesion that represents
replacement by connective
tissue of the injured tissue

A

Scar (Cicatrix)

105
Q

loss of superficial
epidermis that does not
extend to the dermis

A

Erosion

106
Q

skin loss extending
past epidermis with necrotic
tissue loss

A

Ulcer

107
Q

linear crack in the
skin that may extend to the
dermis and may be painful

A

Fissure

108
Q

round red or purple
macule that is 1-2mm in size. It is
secondary to blood extravasation
and associated with bleeding
tendencies or emboli to skin

A

Petechia

109
Q

round or
irregular macular lesion that is
larger than a petechial lesion

A

Ecchymosis

110
Q

a localized collection
of blood creating an elevated
ecchymosis

A

Hematoma

111
Q

papular and
round, red or purple lesion found
on the trunk or extremities.
Normal age-related skin
alteration

A

Cherry angioma

112
Q

red arteriole
lesion with a central body with
radiating branches. Associated
with liver disease, pregnancy, and
vitamin B deficiency

A

Spider angioma

113
Q

bluish or red lesion with varying
shape found on the legs and
anterior chest. Associated with
varicosities

A

Telangiectasis (Venous star)

114
Q

PHYSICAL ASSESSMENT – SKIN (PALPATION)

Palpate to assess moisture.
Check under skin folds and in
unexposed areas
Use the dorsal surfaces of the
hands

A

Skin surfaces vary from moist
to dry depending on the area
assessed. Recent activity or a
warm environment may cause
increased moisture

115
Q

PHYSICAL ASSESSMENT – SKIN (PALPATION)
Palpate to assess moisture

Increased moisture or
__________may occur in
conditions such as fever or _________

A

diaphoresis; hypothyroidism

116
Q

PHYSICAL ASSESSMENT – SKIN (PALPATION)
Palpate to assess moisture

Decreased moisture occurs with dehydration or______

A

hypothyroidism

117
Q

PHYSICAL ASSESSMENT – SKIN (PALPATION)
Palpate to assess moisture

Clammy skin is typical in________

A

shock or hypotension

118
Q

PHYSICAL ASSESSMENT – SKIN (PALPATION)
Palpate to assess temperature.

A

Skin is normally a warm temperature

119
Q

PHYSICAL ASSESSMENT – SKIN (PALPATION)
Palpate to assess temperature.

Cold skin may accompany______

A

shock or hypotension.

120
Q

PHYSICAL ASSESSMENT – SKIN (PALPATION)
Palpate to assess temperature.

Cool skin may accompany______

A

arterial disease.

121
Q

PHYSICAL ASSESSMENT – SKIN (PALPATION)
Palpate to assess temperature.

Very warm skin may indicate______

A

febrile state or hyperthyroidism

122
Q

PHYSICAL ASSESSMENT – SKIN (PALPATION)

Palpate to assess mobility
and skin turgor. Ask the client
to lie down. Using two fingers,
gently pinch the skin over the
clavicle.

A

Normally. The skin is mobile,
with elasticity and returns to
original shape quickly

123
Q

refers to how easily
the skin can be pinched.

A

Mobility

124
Q

refers to the skin’s
elasticity and how quickly the
skin returns to its original
shape after being pinched

A

Turgor

125
Q

PHYSICAL ASSESSMENT – SKIN (PALPATION)
Palpate to assess mobility and skin turgor.

Decreased mobility is seen
with ______

A

Edema

126
Q

PHYSICAL ASSESSMENT – SKIN (PALPATION)
Palpate to assess mobility and skin turgor.

Decreased turgor is seen in_______

A

dehydration.

127
Q

PHYSICAL ASSESSMENT – SKIN (PALPATION)

Palpate to detect edema. Use
your thumbs to press down on
the skin of the feet or ankles to
check for edema (swelling
related o accumulation of fluid
in the tissue)

A

Skin rebounds and does not
remain indented when
pressure is released.

Indentations on the skin may
vary from slight to great and
may be in one area or all over
the body.

128
Q

TYPES OF PERIPHERAL EDEMA

A

Non-pitting edema
Pitting edema

129
Q

TYPES OF PERIPHERAL EDEMA
* Associated with
lymphedema
* Caused by abnormal or
blocked lymph vessels
* Usually bilateral
* No skin ulceration or
pigmentation

A

Non-pitting edema

130
Q

TYPES OF PERIPHERAL EDEMA
* Associated with chronic
venous insufficiency
* Pitting documented as:
1+ - slight pitting
2+ - deeper than 1+
3+ - noticeably deep pit;
extremely looks larger
4+ - very deep pit; gross
edema in extremity
* Usually unilateral
* Skin ulceration and
pigmentation may be present

A

Pitting edema

131
Q

PHYSICAL ASSESSMENT – SCALP AND HAIR (INSPECTION & PALPATION)

Inspect the scalp and hair for
general color and condition

A

Natural hair color as opposed
to chemically colored hair,
varies among clients from pale
blond to black to gray or white

132
Q

Nutritional deficiencies may
cause what to hair?

A

patchy gray hair in some
clients.

133
Q

Severe malnutrition may cause what to hair?

A

a copper-redhair color

134
Q

PHYSICAL ASSESSMENT – SCALP AND HAIR (INSPECTION & PALPATION)

At 1-inch intervals, separate
the hair from the scalp and
inspect and palpate the hair
and scalp for cleanliness,
dryness or oiliness,
parasites, and lesions. Wear
gloves if lesions are suspected
or if hygiene is poor

A

Scalp is clean and dry. Sparse
dandruff may be visible. Hair is
smooth and firm, somewhat
ecstatic

135
Q

Excessive scaliness in the scalp may indicate ______.

A

dermatitis

136
Q

Raised lesions in the scalp may indicate______

A

infections or tumor growth

137
Q

Dull, dry hair may be seen with______

A

hypothyroidism and
malnutrition.

138
Q

Pustules with hair loss in
patches are seen in______

A

tinea capitis, a contagious fungal
disease

139
Q

Infections of the hair follicle
appear as______

A

pustules surrounded
by erythema

140
Q

______may result from infections of the scalp, discoid or systemic lupus erythematosus, and some
types of chemotherapy.

A

Patchy hair loss

141
Q

__________ (facial hair on
females) is a characteristic of
Cushing’s disease and
results from an imbalance of
adrenal hormones or it may
be a side effect of steroids

A

Hirsutism

142
Q

PHYSICAL ASSESSMENT – NAILS (INSPECTION)
Inspect nail grooming and
cleanliness
Nails are clean and manicured

A

Dirty, broken, or jagged
fingernails may be seen with
poor hygiene. They may also
result from the client’s hobby
or occupation

143
Q

PHYSICAL ASSESSMENT – NAILS (INSPECTION)

Inspect nail color and
markings

A

Pink tones should be seen.
Longitudinal ridging is normal

144
Q

Pale or cyanotic nails may
indicate__________

A

hypoxia or anemia.

145
Q

Splinter hemorrhages may be caused by__________

A

trauma

145
Q

___________ occur after acute illness and eventually grow out.

A

Beau’s lines

146
Q

Yellow discoloration on nails may be seen in________

A

fungal infections or
psoriasis.

147
Q

PHYSICAL ASSESSMENT – NAILS (INSPECTION)
Inspect shape of nails

A

There is normally a 160-degree
angle between the nail base
and the skin

148
Q

Early clubbing (180-degree
angle with spongy sensation)
and late clubbing (greater
than 180-degree angle) can
occur from __________

A

hypoxia

149
Q

Spoon nails (concave) may be
present with __________

A

iron deficiency or anemia

150
Q

PHYSICAL ASSESSMENT – NAILS (PALPATION)

Palpate nail to assess texture Nails are hard and basically immobile

A

Thickened nails (especially
toenails) may be caused by
decreased circulation, and is
also seen in onychomycosis.

151
Q

PHYSICAL ASSESSMENT – NAILS (PALPATION)

Palpate to assess texture
and consistency, noting
whether nail plate is attached
to nail bed

A

Nails are smooth and firm; nails
plate should be firmly attached
to nail bed.

152
Q

__________indicates local infection in nails.

A

Paronychia (inflammation)

153
Q

It is the detachment of nail plate from nail bed, and is seen
in infections or trauma.

A

Onycholysis

154
Q

PHYSICAL ASSESSMENT – NAILS (PALPATION)

Test capillary refill in nail
beds by pressing the nail tip
briefly and watching for color
change

Pink tone returns immediately
to blanched nail beds when
pressure is released

A

There is slow (greater than 2
seconds) capillary nail bed
refill (return of pink tone) with
respiratory or cardiovascular
diseases that cause hypoxia.

HEALTH ASSESSMENT LEC (8 decks)

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