Assessing Children Flashcards
Why are developmental milestones useful?
They can be used as indicators that something is wrong
If a 6 week old child’s head is not level with its body in ventral suspension, what can this be a sign of?
Down’s Syndrome
What could lack of a smile in 6 week old child suggest?
Sight problems
Are developmental milestones precise markers?
No, there can be some leeway
What developmental milestone can be particularly misleading in children between 18 months and 2 years?
Development of walking
What normal reason can be given for a child over 18 months not being able to walk?
If a child is a fast crawler it my not develop walking as a skill as it is not require for it to move quickly
When would lack of walking be concerning?
Beyond the age of 2
What gross motor milestones should be displayed in a child of 6 weeks?
Head level with body in ventral suspension
What gross motor milestones should be displayed in a child of 3 months?
Holds head at 90˚ in ventral suspension
What gross motor milestones should be displayed in a child of 6 months?
No head lag on pull to sit
Sits with support
In prone position lifts up on forearms
What gross motor milestones should be displayed in a child of 9 months?
Crawls
Sits steadily when unsupported and pivots around
What gross motor milestones should be displayed in a child of 12 months?
Pulls to stand
Cruises
May stand alone briefly
May walk alone
What gross motor milestones should be displayed in a child of 18 months?
Walks well
Runs
What gross motor milestones should be displayed in a child of 2 years?
Kicks ball
Climbs stairs two feet per step
What gross motor milestones should be displayed in a child of 3 years?
Stands briefly on once foot
Climbs stairs one foot per step
What fine motor and vision milestones should be displayed in a child of 6 weeks?
Fixes and follows
What fine motor and vision milestones should be displayed in a child of 3 months?
Holds an object placed in the hand
What fine motor and vision milestones should be displayed in a child of 6 months?
Palmar grasp of objects
Transfer objects hand to hand
What fine motor and vision milestones should be displayed in a child of 9 months?
Pincer grasp
Index finger approach
Bangs two cubes together
What fine motor and vision milestones should be displayed in a child of 12 months?
Puts block in cup
Casts about
What fine motor and vision milestones should be displayed in a child of 18 months?
Builds a tower 2-4 cubes high
Hand preference emerges
What fine motor and vision milestones should be displayed in a child of 2 years?
Builds tower of 6-7 cubes high
Does circular scribbles
What fine motor and vision milestones should be displayed in a child of 3 years?
Builds a tower of 9 cubes
Copies a circle
What hearing, speech and language milestones should be displayed in a child of 6 weeks?
Becomes still in response to sound
What hearing, speech and language milestones should be displayed in a child of 3 months?
Turns to sound
What hearing, speech and language milestones should be displayed in a child of 6 months?
Vocalisations
What hearing, speech and language milestones should be displayed in a child of 9 months?
2 syllable babble
Non-specific consonant vowel e.g. “mama”
What hearing, speech and language milestones should be displayed in a child of 12 months?
One or two words
Imitates adults’ sounds
What hearing, speech and language milestones should be displayed in a child of 18 months?
6-12 words
What hearing, speech and language milestones should be displayed in a child of 2 years?
Joins 2-3 words
Knows some body parts
Identifies objects in pictures
What hearing, speech and language milestones should be displayed in a child of 3 years?
Talks in short sentences that a stranger can understand
What social, emotional and behavioural milestones should be displayed in a child of 6 weeks?
Smiles
What social, emotional and behavioural milestones should be displayed in a child of 3 months?
Hand regard
Laughs
Squeals
What social, emotional and behavioural milestones should be displayed in a child of 6 months?
May finger feed self
What social, emotional and behavioural milestones should be displayed in a child of 6 months?
Waves bye bye
Plays pat-a-cake
Indicates wants
Emerging stranger anxiety
What social, emotional and behavioural milestones should be displayed in a child of 12 months?
Imitates activities
Object permanence established
Stranger anxiety established
Points to indicate wants
What social, emotional and behavioural milestones should be displayed in a child of 18 months?
Uses a spoon
Symbolic play e.g. ‘talks’ on telephone
Domestic mimicry e.g. ‘helps’ with chores
What social, emotional and behavioural milestones should be displayed in a child of 2 years?
Can remove some clothes
What social, emotional and behavioural milestones should be displayed in a child of 3 years?
Eats with fork and spoon
Puts on clothing
May be toilet trained
When taking a child’s temperature in the axilla what must be done to get an accurate reading?
Add 1˚C to the reading
What is classed as a fever in a child < 1 years old?
> 38˚C
When is the colour of a child’s skin concerning?
If there is pallor reported by parent/carer
More concerning if the patient appears pal/mottled/ashen/blue
When is a child’s level of activity concerning?
Little/no response to social cues
Appears ill
Unable to rouse or only with prolonged stimulation
No smile
