Assesment For Risk Factors In Pregnancy FINAL Flashcards
50,000 of the 4 million births in the U.S. Are considered what
A high risk pregnancy
A pregnancy in which the life or the health of the mother of the fetus is jeopardized by a disorder coinciding with or unique to the pregnancy is known as what kind of pregnancy?
High Risk Pregnancy
Maternal complications usually resolve when?
Within 1 month of delivery
What are the three major causes of maternal morbidity
- hypertensive disorders
- infection
- hemorrhage
What are 5 major causes if fetal and neonatal mortality
- Congenital anomalies
- Complications of prematurity and low birth weight
- Respiratory distress syndrome ( rds)
- Effects of maternal complications
- Black babies are twice as likely to die as white infants
What are biophysical risk factors
Risk factors that originate with the mother
What are two risk factors for high risk pregnancy
Genetic and nutritional
What are the 6 psychosocial risk factors of high risk pregnancy
- smoking
- caffeine consumption (1-2 servings per dy)
- alcohol (fas)
- drugs
- mental status
- stress
What are ABO incompatibilities
- mom Is o
- baby is a,b,ab
Mixing blood may cause what
Jaundice
What is Rh incompatibility
- mom is Rh-
- baby is Rh+
In which pregnancy does moms antibodies start to attack the baby’s blood supply
2nd pregnancy
What are the three times that mixing is likely to occur
- trauma/procedure during pregnancy
- 28 weeks gestation
- postpartum (full term, preterm, miscarriage, abortion)
What are demographically risk factors of high risk pregnancy
- low income
- limited or no prenatal dare
- age 35
- parity
- marital status
- residence
- ethnicity
What are some environment,a risk of high risk pregnancy
- infection
- radiation
- chemicals
- therapeutic and illicit drugs
- paternal exposure to mutagenic agents
- working conditions
Many pregnancy problems do not have what
Any specific cause
When do you start teaching moms to notice fetal movement
Around 24 weeks
What is a good indicator of fetal well being
Fetal movement assessment ( fetal kick counts)
When is the fetus not active
When they are sleeping
All women should be taught to do what
To report decreased or absent movement
High risk women may be asked to do what
Perform fetal kick counts
Fetal movement does not decrease with what
Increased gestational age
What is perhaps the most versatile and useful assessment tool in obstetrics
An ultrasound
What do you see in the first semester using an ultra sound
- confirmation of pregnancy
- cardiac activity
- location
- number of feti
- gestational age
- detect maternal abnormalities
What are the four parts of gestational age assessment
- Determination of gestational sac dimension ( about 8 weeks)
- Measurement of crown to rump length ( between 7-12 weeks)
- Measurement of biparietal diameter after 12 weeks
- Measurement of femur length after 12 weeks
What are some uses of an ultra sound for the second trimester
- confirm dates
- confirm viability
- detect olgiohydramnios ( too little amniotic fluid)
- detect congenital abnormalities
- detect intrauterine growth
- confirm placental placement
- use for visual during amniocentesis
What are uses of ultrasound on third trimester?
- confirm gestational age
- confirm viability
- detect macrosomia
- detect congenital abnormalities
- determine fetal position
- deftest placenta maturity
Amniotic fluid volume is reported by measuring what
The four planes of the Gravid abdomen yielding the amniotic fluid index
What is amniocentesis
Detects fetal cells and other components of the amniotic fluid
When is amniocentesis done
After 14th week of pregnancy when the uterus is an abdominal organ and the AF level is sufficient
When is fetal lung maturity
34-36 weeks
