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ASL Interpreting 1 > ASL Interpreting Test 1 > Flashcards

ASL Interpreting Test 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What happened in 100 AD?

A

A Roman philosopher documented paid (professional) interpreters.

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2
Q

What happened from 150-400 AD?

A

Roman Empire armies were required to bring interpreters when they went a conquering.

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3
Q

What Happened from 50-1500 AD?

A

Bible translations appear from Aramaic to Greek, to Latin, German and Old English.

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4
Q

What happened from 1919-1946?

A

After WWI, the League of Nations was formed from different European and Asian Countries

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5
Q

What happened in 1945?

A

The UN was created after WWII; political peace keeping and quasi governmental organization; simultaneous interpreting was substandard until 1971

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6
Q

What happened from 1945-1949?

A

Nuremberg Trials- modern conference interpreting was born

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7
Q

What happened in 1964?

A

Workshop on Interpreting for the Deaf June 14-17 at Ball State College, Indiana. The RID (Registry of Interpreters for the Deaf) was organized.

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8
Q

What happened in 1965?

A

California State University, Northridge created first interpreter training program (ITP)

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9
Q

What happened in 1966?

A

The National Technical Institute for the Deaf (NTID) created an interpreter training program

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10
Q

What happened in 1969?

A

Saint Paul Technical Vocational School and NYU form interpreter training program

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11
Q

1972?

A

RID conducts first certification exams

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12
Q

Ongoing?

A

Title IV: Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA): Title IV does not mandate but regulates and allows for reimbursement of video relay services; FCC reports that VRS calls average two million minutes per month (2006)

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13
Q

1975?

A

Education of All Handicapped Children Act (PL 94-142) Requires all disabled children to be educated in “the least restrictive environment,” begins widespread mainstreaming of Deaf children.

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14
Q

1977?

A

Bilingual, Hearing and Speech Impaired Court Interpreter Act: Federal Courts must appoint and pay for interpreters for Deaf persons in Federal Criminal and/or civil actions initiated by the government.

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15
Q

1990?

A

Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA): Reaffirmed PL 94-142, sustained needs for interpreters in main-streamed classrooms.
Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) Expands Section 504’s powers; businesses with 15 or more employees must make “reasonable accommodations”, law says interpreters should “interpret effectively, accurately, and impartially…”

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16
Q

1998?

A

Telecommunications Accessibility Enhancement Act (TAEA): Federal government must provide relay calls to, from and within itself

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17
Q

What is Translation?

A

transferring meaning between languages in written or recorded texts. Can use reference materials to prepare, can edit and correct work until satisfied with outcome.

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18
Q

What is Interpreting?

A

Translating languages in real time between people or groups of people. No time to change or tweak things.

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19
Q

Discourse

A

language used in a particular context or interaction. Meaning filtered through personal experience, knowledge, attitudes, expectations, cultural factors. Differences in cultural background, gender, age of participants in a situation compounds the potential for different understandings of a message.

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20
Q

contextual factors of interpreting?

A

setting, purpose, participants, language code, audience adjustment, culture
CLAPPS

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21
Q

Setting?

A

Physical time and place of interaction. Can influence register.

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22
Q

Purpose?

A

why people are together. Influences topic, mood, feeling, turn-taking. Specific communication purpose(s)

23
Q

Participants?

A

The way people talk reflects their ethnicity, gender, social class, education level, age, region, personality, role, status. Shows who the leader is, if the discussion is closed, etc.

24
Q

Language Code

A

The particular language or dialect used and the modality of language: bilingual intermediary, unsure communication through an interpreter

25
Q

Audience Adjustment

A

Adjusting speech style to match the receiver or to project a particular impression of themselves to an audience (friends family, partner, boss).

26
Q

Code Switching

A

Deaf people adjust their signing style to match the language use of the people they are with, and the situation. Start with one language, switch and come back.

27
Q

4 Ps

A

Participants, Place, Purpose, Point

28
Q

Message Factors

A

How something is said is a crucial part of the meaning of what is said. Interpreters aim to communicate meaning and not just words: context and packaging

29
Q

Content

A

Information or ideas that a speaker intends to convey

30
Q

Denotative words

A

Meaning of words

31
Q

Propositional Words

A

Meaning behind the words

32
Q

Explicit Meaning

A

Stating info and intent directly

33
Q

Implicit

A

Relying on the listener to pick up underlying meaning of the words in the context.

34
Q

Paralinguistic Information

A

how the words are said. A listener understands message content based on comprehensibility of the speakers language , fluency, pace, and volume

35
Q

Metanotative

A

Delivery contradicts the words

36
Q

Register

A

Differences between speaking or signing style which change according to leve of formality, the familiarity between participants and use of special jargon

37
Q

5 Registers

A

Frozen, Formal, Consultative, Informal, Intimate

38
Q

Frozen Register

A

Text is always the same (i.e. Pledge of Allegiance, Lord’s Prayer)

39
Q

Formal Register

A

One way monologue, authoritative, planned in advance, expertise (technical/jargon) Ex. Educator, Sermon, presenter

40
Q

Consultative Register

A

One person is getting advice from an expert (interactive). Ex. Doctor, Boss, Marriage counsellor, parent/teacher conference, mental health providers, buying a car

41
Q

Informal (Casual) Register

A

Typical conversations. Ex. coworker, family, friends, acquaintances, classmates, retail workers, roommate, groups of familiar people

42
Q

Intimate Register

A

between people who know each other well. They get you, you have inside jokes, they finish your sentences, et. Ex. family, friends, BFF, partner

43
Q

Interpreting Process Stages

A

Reception, analysis, conversion, Delivery, Evaluation.

44
Q

Short-term Memory

A

develop to hold chunks of info for long enough to determine the meaning and convert into TL form

45
Q

Long-term memory

A

Info is consolidated in LTM so it can be retrieved again later

46
Q

What are the stakeholders of interpreting?

A

D/deaf, Hearing, Payers (Agency), Interpreters

47
Q

What is a Profession?

A

You must be educated, there is a code of conduct, you get paid, you need credentials, and you work directly with people

48
Q

What is a Trade?

A

You learn on the job, there are established protocols, it is hands on (you don’t work with people)

49
Q

When was RID established?

A

1964

50
Q

Why do we have RID?

A

it created a standard for interpreters and offered certification- pay and code of conduct for interpreters

51
Q

What happened in 300 BC?

A

The Rosetta stone was made- 3 languages written on a stone. This showed that translating helped groups of people who knew different languages communicate.

52
Q

1973?

A

Title V Section 504: Anything with federal funding must offer full access for Deaf people

53
Q

1973?

A

Title V Section 504: Anything with federal funding must offer full access for Deaf people

ASL Interpreting 1 (2 decks)

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