Asian Religions

Question 1

the most ancient Hindu scriptures, written in early Sanskrit and containing hymns, philosophy, and guidance on ritual for the priests of Vedic religion

Answer 1

The Vedas

Question 2

The Hindu creator god. He rose to importance in India’s late Vedic Age, after the decline of the deities Surya, Indra, and Agni. Brahma’s temple at Pushkara was the beginning point for pilgrimages.

Answer 2

Brahma

Question 3

the spiritual life principle of the universe, especially when regarded as inherent in the real self of the individual. It’s the persons soul

Answer 3

Atman

Question 4

release from the cycle of rebirth impelled by the law of karma

Answer 4

Moksha

Question 5

in Indian philosophy, the central conception of metempsychosis: the soul, finding itself awash in the “sea of ____,”. It is the material world.

Answer 5

Samsara

Question 6

A concept common to Hinduism, Jainism, and Buddhism. It is generally seen as a moral cause and effect in which a force of good or bad created by one’s mental and physical actions determines one’s destiny in a future life.

Answer 6

Karma

Question 7

An elusive notion that refers to the way of nature, the underlying and unchanging principal of that governs all natural phenomena

Answer 7

Dao

Question 8

The honoring of one’s ancestors and parents.

Answer 8

Filial piety

Question 9

freedom of rebirth

Answer 9

Nirvana

Question 10

To be split into 2. India was ___ when Gandhi decided to create a two state solution for rivalry between religions.

Answer 10

Partitioned

Question 11

A particular type of soil in Yellow river. It appears in small crystals of soil.

Answer 11

Loess

Question 12

A type of farming with levels that cause the water to cascade down. It is how mountain regions are made livable.

Answer 12

Terrace farming

Question 13

A group of people; herders; migrated to India

Answer 13

Aryan

Question 14

When the Aryans migrated from south of Caucasus mountains through Iran and probably went through Khyber Pass. People used to think it was a conquest, not anymore.

Answer 14

The Aryan Migration

Question 15

deviation from accepted or orthodox standards or beliefs

Answer 15

Heterodoxy

Question 16

authorized or generally accepted theory, doctrine, or practice

Answer 16

Orthodoxy

Question 17

ancient texts from India that were composed orally in Sanskrit between about 700 B.C.E. and 300 B.C.E. There are thirteen major _____, many of which were likely composed by multiple authors and are of a variety of styles.

Answer 17

Upanishads

Question 18

the idea that only one supreme being exists.

Answer 18

Monism

Question 19

: translated: “uninterrupted series,” “continuation,” or “succession.” An alternative name for this is “guru-shishya”, this, in general, translates to “succession from guru to disciple.

Answer 19

Parampara

Question 20

Spiritual teachers (teach Chelas)

Answer 20

Gurus

Question 21

like a student to guru. Bond between gurus and ___ is strong.

Answer 21

Chelas

Question 22

your soul being “reborn”

Answer 22

Reincarnation

Question 23

your duty

Answer 23

Dharma

Question 24

respect for all living things and avoidance of violence toward others.

Answer 24

Ahimsa

Question 25

had some kind of central authority that standardized rules for everybody

Answer 25

Orthodox

Question 26

The idea that there are different forms of the divine

Answer 26

Monistic

Question 27

stories you learn about just by “knowing”- like how you learn about Christmas from movies, stories, etc. Ex: The Mahabharata: a war story where 2 large clans fight. There is one “loser” brother who lost fortune and wives and they have to get it back. Another: Bhagavad Gita (part of Mahabharata) which is a story about things you are expected to do- shameful if you don’t do it (social expectations)

Answer 27

The epics

Question 28

A drink that is the most famous ancient Indian drug. ___, made from a plant called soma, is also a god, and a drink that was used as an offering to the gods in some Vedic rituals.

Answer 28

Soma

Question 29

the term given to the four traditional social categories of Hindu society.

Answer 29

Varnas

Question 30

Large class. Lower/working class who generally work for other people with unskilled labor. Bottom of pyrimad

Answer 30

Sudra

Question 31

Large class. Middle class who were generally land owners and merchants (ex: Indigo). (Twice born.) Second up from bottom.

Answer 31

Vaishyas

Question 32

A warrior class who were sometimes political leaders when there were no wars. (Twice born). Second from top

Answer 32

Kshatriya

Question 33

Highest class: Philosophers, Priests, Judges (Twice born)

Answer 33

Brahmins

Question 34

subgroups of caste

Answer 34

Jati

Question 35

ability to change your class

Answer 35

Social mobility