Asia Before 1950 Flashcards
How were the Philippines a model state
Bell trade act 1946
The us profited from this despite the negative effect on the Philippines economy
Military bases on the Philippines
Clark Field and Subic bay
What was the Defense perimeter strategy
A line of Defense through the pacific the the is vowed to defend. However when it was proposed Dean Acheson failed to specify that Korea was included
Jiang retreated to
Taiwan
What was the San Francisco treaty of 1951
Gave Japan its sovereignty
NSC-68
From The national security council
Tripled us Defense spending in order to combat communism dominating Asia and Europe
How much did the us invest in the phillipines
$620 billion
Name the ways that the phillipines were not a good model state for the us
Roxas corruption- elected in 1946 with us support as the first president of independent Philippines. Was willing to give the us any economic or territorial concessions they wanted which lead to the bell trade act in 1946 which devastated the Filipino economy which led to the HUK rebellion
HUK Rebellion- lasted from 1949-1951
Communist uprising
Truman administration gave Roxas $7.2 mil in military aid
Why did the huk rebellion fail
Didn’t spread out of central Luzon
Alienated villagers with brutality
Even with numbers of 12000 in 1950 they were overwhelmed by the support sent from the us to the capitalist government
What was the bell trade act 1946
Philippine trade act
Only foreign goods they were allowed to buy were us goods
Filipinos couldn’t sell any goods that could ‘could come into substantial competition’ with American manufactured goods
China aid act 1948
Gave Jiang $125 mil
How did the British defeat the Malayan communist
Hearts and minds programme-
Overwhelming numbers 16220
Fortified villages
Ideas from Potsdam
USSR would receive territory in return for joining the war against Japan
USSR would not have control of Korea
Indochina was divided between the North(china) and the south (Britain)
Idea from yalta
USA promised to give USSR territory if it joined war against Japan
When did Japan gain their independence
1952
What was the name of the Malayan communists
MNLA
Name of the uprising in Malaya
Emergency
Leader of North Korea
Kim il Sung
How was Japan a good model state
War crimes trials held
Pro-Us politicians elected
New democratic election
Zaibatsu were broken up such as Mitsubishi
Land reform act 1946
When did china fall to the communists
October 1949
When was the huk rebellion
1949-51
When did the federation of malaya gain its independence
1957
Name of the communist Chinese leader
Mao
How was Japan not a good model state
Zaibatsus reformed
Democracy not widely accepted
The position of women in society
When did Japan invade china
1937
When was elections held in malaya
1954
How did the democratic elections effect the MNLA
Crushed them as they weren’t an democratic party
How many MNLA members were there in 1951
7000
Who was behind the hearts and minds programme
Templar
Why did mao win the Chinese civil war
Japanese invasion
Communist appeals to the peasantry
Jiang lost middle class support
Jiangs mistakes
Communist military strengths
Maos leadership skills
How did the Japanese invasion impact the Chinese civil war
China was invaded by Japan in 1937
Jiang nationalists were unable to defeat the Japanese making them look weak and costing them money.
Mao wanted wanted to defeat Jiang more than the Japanese
How did the communist appeals to the peasantry allow Mao to win the communist civil war
Landlords(10% of the population )owned 70% of land
Rent was expensive. Paid in crops
Mao promised land reform
How did chiangs loss of support from the middle classes influence maos win of the Chinese civil war
Use of secret police
Corrupt bureaucracy
Hyperinflation- as money lost it value it effected their savings
Jiang and Mao refused to work together
What are jiangs mistakes that influenced his loss of the Chinese civil war
Corrupt officers
High levels or desertion-70%
Low morale
Communist spies-assistant chief of staff, military generals
Strategic errors- focused on Manchuria
How the communist military strengths cause them to win the Chinese civil war
Eight rules of conduct-treat civilians well
Use of Guerrilla tactics to destroy enemy morale
Very able generals- ZhuDe
How did maos leadership skills allow him to win the Chinese civil war
Very popular with ordinary people mainly due to social and economic policy’s
Flexible on issues such as land reform
Focus on Chinese nationalism
