ASIA Flashcards
tetraplegia
cervical injury
4 limbs + trunk
paraplegia
lower extremities
AIS A
no motor or sensory function preserved at S4-S5
AIS B (sensory incomplete)
sensation but not motor control below level of injury including S4-S5
AIS C (motor incomplete)
Motor control preserved below level of injury and more than half of the muscles have a muscle grade of 3 (fair) or less
AIS D (motor incomplete)
Motor control preserved below level of injury and more than half of the muscles have a muscle grade of 3 (fair) or more
AIS E
normal sensation and normal motor control
ZPP
zone of partial preservation of strength or sensation below level of injury
central cord syndrome (CCS)
most common SCI
more damage in center of cord than periphery
often a result of cervical hyperextension, frequently in older adults with arthritic changes causing narrowing of Spinal canal
paralysis great at hands and arms than trunk and legs, bladder dysfunction, sensory loss below level of injury, tingling, burning, aching
Brown Sequared Syndrome (lateral damage)
damage to one side of the chord
ex. result of stabbing or gunshot wound
below the level of injury there is motor paralysis and loss of proprioception on the ipsilateral side and loss of pain, temperature and touch sensation on the contralateral side
Anterior spinal cord syndrome
injury that damages the anterior spinal artery or the anterior aspect of the cord
paralysis, loss of pain, temp, and touch sensation..
proprioception preserved
Conus medulliarus syndrome
injury of the sacral cord and lumbar nerve roots within the neural canal, usually results in a areflexic bladder, bowel, and lower extremities
Cauda equina syndrome
involve peripheral nerves rather than directly effecting spinal cord
usually occurs in fractures below L2 level
flaccidity type paralysis
peripheral nerves possess regenerating capacity and thus has a better prognosis for recovery
deficits are highly variable and asymmetric
