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Asepsis/Infection Control > Asepsis/Infection Control > Flashcards

Asepsis/Infection Control Flashcards

1
Q

Native Immunity (passive)

A

Provides the early line of defense.. Restricts entry of foreign organism through activation of phagocytic cells. (ex: skin, mucous membranes; secretions, inflammatory response)

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2
Q

What is the first line of defense?

A

Skin

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3
Q

True or False
We are born with native (passive) immunity

A

True

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4
Q

Why is inflammatory response important?

A

To prevent infection

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5
Q

What is stage 1 inflammatory response?

A

Redness
Warmth
Edema

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6
Q

What is stage 2 inflammatory response?

A

Micro-organisms are killed
WBCs accumulate and educate appears

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7
Q

What is stage 3 inflammatory response?

A

Remodelling and Maturation of the skin.. Damage tissue replaced by scar tissue

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8
Q

What is the difference between local inflammation and systemic inflammation?

A

Local: not infection
Systemic: overall body change (infected and into the bloodstream)

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9
Q

What are the symptoms for local inflammation?

A

Erythema (redness)
Edema (swelling)
Function loss
Heat
Pain

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10
Q

Specific Adaptive Immunity

A

Antibodies produced in response to an antigen
(if you had influenza, you have a specific adaptive immunity to it, or if you get a vaccination for influenza)

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11
Q

What are the symptoms for systemic inflammation?

A

Fever (tachycardia, tachypnea)
Leukocytosis (increased WBCs)
Nausea
Fatigue
Enlarged lymph nodes

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12
Q

True or False
We are born with specific adaptive (active) immunity

A

FALSE
We receive the immunity as time goes on (booster for a vaccine)

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13
Q

What are the 6 terms that are involved in the Chain of Infection?

A

Infectious (causative) agent
Reservoirs
Portals of exit
Mode of transmission
Portals of entry
Susceptible host

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14
Q

Causative agent

A

bacteria, virus, fungus, prion, parasite

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15
Q

Reservoir

A

human, animal, food,organic matter on inanimate surfaces, water, soil, insects

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16
Q

Portal of exit

A

means for leaving (blood, secretions, excretions, skin, respiratory tract, GI tract, ect)

17
Q

Mode of transmission

A

contact (physical, contact, droplet, airborne, vector borne)
how did the infectious agent transfer to the human, inanimate object, ect)

18
Q

Portal of entry

A

the host (mucous membrane, respiratory, digestive, broken skin)

19
Q

Susceptible host

A

immunocompromised, breaks in skin, diabetes, burns, surgery, age

20
Q

What is Health Care Associated Infection (HAI)?

A

An infection that a patient acquires while receiving care in a healthcare setting (aka nosocomial infection)

21
Q

Medical Asepsis vs Surgical Asepsis

A

medical: clean techniques used for all patients on bedside (administering medications, NG tubes, personal hygiene
Surgical: sterile technique typically used in the OR (indwelling catheters, surgical procedures, sterile dressing changes)

22
Q

Standard Precautions

A

used for all patients

23
Q

Contact Precautions

A

Precautions used within 3 ft from the patient
CDiff, MRSA

24
Q

Airborne Precautions

A

used to protect against infections smaller than 5mcg
Measles, Varicella, TB

25
Q

Droplet Precautions

A

used to protect against infections larger than 5mcg and travel 3-6 ft
Mumps, Influenza, Pertussis

26
Q

What is a protective environment?

A

a private room with positive airflow that protects immunocompromised patients

27
Q

List the correct order for donning PPE

A

Gown
Mask/ respirator
Goggles
Gloves (covering the cuff of the gown)

28
Q

List the correct order for doffing PPE

A

Gloves
Goggles
Gown
Mask/ repirator

29
Q

What PPE would you use for standard precautions?

A
  1. hand hygiene
  2. if there is potential splashing, wear masks, eye protection, and face shield.
  3. gloves
30
Q

What PPE would you wear for airborne precautions?

A
  1. hand hygiene
  2. gown
  3. masks/N95
  4. face shield if exposed to any bodily fluids
  5. gloves
31
Q

What PPE would you wear for droplet precautions?

A
  1. handwashing
  2. gown
  3. mask
  4. gloves
32
Q

What PPE would you wear for contact precautions?

A
  1. hand washing
  2. gown
  3. gloves

Asepsis/Infection Control (1 decks)

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