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ASD Flashcards

1
Q

negatively charge electrode

A

cathode

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2
Q

cathode comprises ____ and _____ ___

A

filament and focusing cup

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3
Q

is a coiled tungsten wire that is the source of electrons during xray production

A

filament

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4
Q

is a positively charged electrode

A

anode

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5
Q

anode consists of ____, rotating anode tubes, _____ and _____

A

target
rotating anode
stator
rotor

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6
Q

the relative capacity of matter to obstruct the transmission of radiant energy

A

radiopaque

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7
Q

being permeable to radiation or penetrable by xrays

A

radiolucent

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8
Q

two types of photographic aspect/visibility

A

density and contrast

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9
Q

two types of geometric aspect/sharpness

A

definition and distortion

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10
Q

overall blackening of film

A

density

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11
Q

variation in density level that makes detail visible

A

contrast

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12
Q

clarity and sharpness of structural lines

A

definition or detail

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13
Q

undesired change in the size and shape of the anatomic part

A

distortion

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14
Q

is a decrease in the primary beam intensity on the anode side of the tube making the primary beam on the cathode side of the tube more intense in comparison

A

anode heel effect

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15
Q

states that the intensity of the xray beam is inversely proportional to the square of distance from the source

A

inverse square law

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16
Q

variation of density in a radiograph or the degree of difference between adjacent densities

A

radiographic contrast

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17
Q

controlling factor of contrast

A

kvp

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18
Q

KCQual

A

kVp
contrast
quality

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19
Q

MDQuan

A

mAs
density
quantity

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20
Q

means the range of optical densities from the lightest to the blackest part of the radiograph

A

scale of contrast

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21
Q

in characteristics of contrast scale, high kVp:

A

long scale contrast
low contrast
less contrast
wide latitude

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22
Q

in characteristics of contrast scale, low kVp:

A

short scale contrast
high contrast
more contrast
narrow latitude

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23
Q

refers to the smallest object that can be detected in a digital image

A

spatial resolution

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24
Q

refers to the distinctness or sharpness of the structural lines that make up the recorded film image

A

recorded details

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25
___ : true image ___ : geometric unsharpness of the structural lines that make up the recorded film image
umbra : true image penumbra : geometric unsharpness of the structural lines that make up the recorded film image
26
the ___ the SID, the sharper the image
longer
27
the ___ the object to the image receptor the sharper the image
closer
28
increase in the object's image size compared to its true or actual size
size distortion or magnification
29
___ and ___ affect magnification
SID and OID
30
misrepresentation of an object's image shape
shape distortion
31
__ alignment of the xray tube, part and image receptor affect distortion
central ray
32
in pathology, it increases absorption characteristic and increase in kVp
additive diseases
33
in pathology, it decreases absorption characteristic and decrease in kVp
destructive diseases
34
are xrays that travel in a different direction after exiting the patient body
scatter radiation
35
primarily produce of compton interaction and produces fog on the xray film which tends to dull the image
scatter radiation
36
xrays that exit from the patient
remnant xrays
37
xrays that exit and interact with the image receptor
image forming xrays
38
limits the field size to smaller area thus the production of scatter radiation also decreases
beam restricting devices
39
absorbs scatter radiation before it reaches the film
grids
40
simplest type of beam restrictor and is made of lead or lead lined metal sheet attached to the xray tube head
aperture diaphragm
41
modifications of aperture diaphragm
cones and cylinder
42
most common beam restricting devices
variable aperture
43
device used to reduce the intensity of scatter radiation in the remnant xray beam to improve image contrast and to absorb scattered radiation
grid
44
type of grid cut off errors that is when the central axis of the beam is not perpendicular to the grid
off level grid
45
type of grid cut off errors that is when focused grid is positioned off center
off center grid
46
type of grid cut off errors that is when focused grid is not used at the proper focal distance
off focused grid
47
type of grid cut off errors that is when focused grid positioned upside down
upside down grid
48
alternative to using a grid to control scatter reaching the image receptor
air gap technique
49
any unwanted image on the radiograph that decreases the overall radiographic quality of the image
artifacts
50
is the unwanted density on the entire radiograph
fog
51
distance of safelight
3 to 4 ft
52
wattage of safelight illumination
7.5 watts/3 ft distance 15 watts/4 ft distance
53
filters out red, orange and yellow colors brownish in appearance for monochromatic film
amber filter
54
filters only the intensity and for monochromatic film
wratten 6b filter
55
filters out intensity and color (yellow/orange) for orthochromatic film multi purpose filter and red in appearance
gbx 2 filter
56
sensitive to all visible light spectrum
panchromatic film
57
for blue sensitive film
calcium tungstate
58
for green sensitive film
rare earth
59
in processing the latent image, swelling of the emulsion to permit subsequent chemical penetration
wetting
60
in processing the latent image, it is the production of a manifest image from the latent image
development
61
in processing the latent image, it is the termination of development and removal of excess chemicals from emulsion
stop bathe
62
in processing the latent image, it is the removal of the remaining SHC from emulsion and hardening of gelatin
fixing
63
in processing the latent image, it is the removal of excess chemicals
rinsing/washing
64
in processing the latent image, it is the removal of water and preparation of radiograph for viewing
drying
65
responsible for the timing for each step in processing
transport system
66
monitors and adjust the temperature of the chemical solutions
temperature system
67
agitates the chemical solutions
circulation system
68
maintain volumes and chemical activity
replenishment system
69
removes all the excess moisture and fluids from the processed radiograph
dryer system

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