ASCI 351 Lab Final

Question 1

stallion components of a BSE

Answer 1

-physical exam
- reproductive history
- testes palpation
- ultrasound
- semen evaluation
- cultures

Question 2

reasons to perform a BSE on a stallion

Answer 2

• pre purchase exam
• insurance purposes
• determination of reproductive performance
• when a problem has been identified

Question 3

to determine daily sperm output, how often should the stallion be collected?

Answer 3

• daily for 7-10 days
• or every other day for 3 weeks

Question 4

what is the general physical exam components of BSE of a stallion?

Answer 4

• general assessment of body condition, confirmation, soundness, and neurological functions
• look for signs of pain/discomfort and heritable conditions

Question 5

what do we look for when examination of reproductive genitalia?

Answer 5

• best performed after collection
• evaluate size, shape, and consistency of testes and epididymides
• testes are evaluated using caliper or ultrasonography

Question 6

how to determine testicular volume in the stallion?

Answer 6

0.523(L x W x H)

Question 7

how to measure stallion daily sperm output?

Answer 7

(total testicular volume) x (0.024) -(0.76)

Question 8

what do we look for in stallion reproductive history?

Answer 8

• age
• number of mares bred last year/ method of breeding
• intended method of breeding
• length of breeding season
• pregnancy rates
• foaling rates, incidence of abortion, early embryonic loss
• evidence of uterine infection in mares previously bred
• date from pervious BSE
• signs of lameness or back problems
• sudden changes in semen quality/test
• any fertility problems with other stallions on the same farm
• EVA statuts or vaccination
• when the stallion last bred/collected
• medications the stallion is on
• health status of the stallion/recent illnesses or fever

Question 9

what are stallion sexual behavior?

Answer 9

• should be able to readily obtain an erection in the presence of mare in heat and ejaculate in one or two mounts

Question 10

what do we look for in stallion sperm evaluation?

Answer 10

• microscope with heated stage
• sperm counting device
• incubator/water bath at 37C

Question 11

what do we look for in stallion sperm- volume concentration?

Answer 11

• check color and consistency
• look for debris/urine

concentration x volume = total sperm

Question 12

what do we look for in stallion sperm motility?

Answer 12

• total motility = % of sperm that are moving
• progressive motility = % of sperm that moving in a straight line
• raw semen should be diluted in skim like concentration with 20-30 mL

Question 13

what do we look for in stallion morphology?

Answer 13

done by examining stained sperm at a magnification of 100x under oil emersion

Question 14

what do we look for in stallion sperm additional sperm testing ?

Answer 14

• not routine
• used to measure sperm that are acrosome reacted, live/dead, sperm chromatid structure, electron microscope evaluation, and mitochondrial activity

Question 15

what do we look for in stallion bacteriology?

Answer 15

• cultures taken from semen, urethra, urethral fossa, and prepuce

Question 16

What does a routine BSE in stallion tell the client?

Answer 16

• reproductive problems with the stallion
• how many mares the stallion should breed during the season

-EACH YEAR: if the stallion reproductive parameters are changing

Question 17

what is mare BSE?

Answer 17

• important to know general history (age, purchase date, performance history, feed, vaccination history…)
• reproductive history (age at first heat, foaling dates, abnormal pregnancy, mothering ability…)

Question 18

what do we consider in mare physical examination?

Answer 18

• conformation
• any abnormalities
• teeth/jaws