ASA 101 Flashcards
When sailing, always be aware of the wind’s ___ and __.
speed, direction
The desirable force generated by the wind moving across a sail is called ___.
lift
The direction relative to the wind in which the sailboat cannot sail is called the ___ ___ ___.
no sail zone
Sailboats can reach an upwind destination by sailing a ___ course.
zig-zag
The point of sail at the edge of the no-sail zone is called ___ ___.
close hauled
A boat sailing across the wind is said to be ___.
reaching
Sailing straight downwind is called ___.
running
As the sailboat’s direction changes relative to the wind, so should the sail’s ___ to the wind by adjusted.
trim
The combination of the true wind and the wind created by the boat’s motion (that we feel on the boat), is called ___ wind.
apparent
The ___ is an underwater fin fixed on the bottom of the sailboat that provides stability and lateral resistance.
keel
The sailboat’s direction through the water is controlled by the ___, which can be turned by means of either a ___ or a ___ ___.
rudder, tiller, steering wheel
The mainsail should be raised when the sailboat is oriented ___ to ___.
head, wind
When turning the boat toward the wind, the sails should be ___ in.
trimmed
When turning the boat away from the wind, the sails should be ___ out.
eased
Fluttering sails are said to be ___.
luffing
The best way to steer the boat on a straight course is to look toward the ___ and pick a ___ to steer toward.
shore, landmark
When you turn the bow of the boat toward the wind you are ___ ___.
heading up
When you turn the bow of the boat away from the wind you are ___ ___.
bearing away
The golden rule of sail trim is: When in ___, let it ___”
doubt, out
When the boat is stopped, pointed toward the wind with the sails luffing, it is said to be ___ ___.
in irons
When the wind is blowing on the port side, the boat is said to be sailing on a ___ ___.
port tack
When the wind is blowing on the starboard side, the boat is said to be sailing on a ____ ____
starboard tack
Turning the boat so the bow passes through the wind, bringing the wind to blow onto the opposite side of the boat, is called ___
tacking
Changing tacks by turning the boat so its stern passes through the wind is called ___
jibing
The helmsman’s commands for tacking the boat (also called coming about) are ___ ___ and ___ ___
ready about, helms a lee
The helmsman’s commands for jibing the boat are ___ to ___ and ___-___
prepare to jibe, jibe ho
To jibe safely, it’s very important to ___ the ___ in toward the centerline as the boat bears away onto a run.
trim, mainsail
Sailing on a run with the mainsail and jib on opposite sides of the boat is called sailing ____ ____
wing on wing
If the wind is on the same side of the boat as the mainsail while sailing downwind, the boat is said to be ___ by the ___
sailing by the lee
The danger of sailing by the less is the increased risk of an ___ ___
accidental jibe
The fastest way to change the sail’s power is to change its ___ to the ___
angle, wind
The shape of the mainsail may be changed by adjusting tension in the edges of the sail. Match the following:
A: Overhaul
B: Halyway or downhaul or Cunningham
C: Boom vang
- Luff
- Leech
- Foot
A: Foot
B: Luff
C: Leech
The outhaul changes the depth of the ___ of the mainsail
draft
Tightening the downhaul or Cunningham moves the draft of the mainsail ___.
forward
Tightening the ___ ___ holds the boom down on a downwind point of sail.
boom vang
To get full power and optimum use out of the mainsail, ___ it until it just starts to luff, then trim the mainsail in so it just stops ___
ease, luffing
Two ways to change the sail’s angle to the wind are:
___ or ___ the sail
___ ___ or ___ ___
trim, ease
head up, bear away
The tendency for the boat to head up toward the wind on its own is called ___ helm
weather
The tendency for the boat to head up toward the wind on its own is called ___ helm
lee
While sailing close-hauled, for ways to decrease the heel of the boat are:
move the crew to windward side,
ease the mainsheet
move the traveler to leeward
head up into the edge of the no sail zone
Reducing the size of a sail so that less area is exposed to the wind is called ___
reefing
When you want a break while sailiing, you can make the boat lie ___ ___
hove to
You heave-to by backing the ___, easing the ___, and putting the ___ to leeward
jib, mainsail, helm
Secures the bow of the boat to the dock
bow line
Secures the stern of the boat to the dock
stern line
Keeps the boat from moving aft
forward spring line
Keeps the boat from moving forward
aft spring line
___ are used to protect the hull from contact with the dock or other boats.
fenders
The ideal point of sail on which to approach a mooring ball is on a _____
close reach
