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Religion And Philosophy > AS Ethics > Flashcards

AS Ethics Flashcards

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1
Q

What does teleological ethics mean?

A

Ethics focuses on the consequences of an action

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2
Q

What does agape love mean?

A

The highest form of love.

Live which is sacrificial and unconditional.

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3
Q

What does diversity thesis mean?

A

The view that cultures are always different and that cultural values always differ

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4
Q

What are 2 strengths of moral relativism?

A

1- breeds respect for others and toleration of differences

2- other religions are no longer branded infidel

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5
Q

What are 2 weaknesses of moral relativism?

A

1- we cannot condemn someone for having a view such as ‘terrorism is good’
2- can’t be any moral progress as we can’t judge who is better

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6
Q

Can you name a quote to do with relativism by JL Mackie?

A

“There is no objective truth”

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7
Q

Can you name a quote about relativism by John Ladd?

A

“There are no absolute universal moral standards binding on all men at all times”

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8
Q

What does Pope Benedict think about relativism?

A

“We are in danger of falling into a tyranny of relativism”

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9
Q

What are apparent goods?

A

Acts done from reason which do not correspond with natural law

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10
Q

What are real goods?

A

Acts done from human reason which correspond to the natural law

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11
Q

What is eternal law?

A

The law conceived by God

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12
Q

What is divine law?

A

The law revealed to humankind in the bible

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13
Q

What is human law?

A

The laws we establish by human reason as our social laws

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14
Q

What is syndersis?

A

The assumption that we by nature seek to do good and avoid evil

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15
Q

What are the 5 primary precepts?

A 
P - preservation of life
O - ordered society
W - worship of God
E - education
R - reproduction
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16
Q

What is the reformation?

A

The assumption that we ‘all have sinned and fall short of God’s glory’ (Romans 3-23)

17
Q

What do the primary precepts reflect and why?

A

The divine will.

Because God designed is with a rational nature in His image.

18
Q

What are 3 strengths of natural law?

A

1- autonomous and rational theory
2- an exalted view of humans (we use our resin to work out how to live)
3- flexible (secondary precepts change depending on circumstances)

19
Q

What are 3 weaknesses to natural law?

A

1- a fixed human nature (Aquinas believed in a fixed, shared human nature eg heterosexual. But evidence shows homosexuality may be a genetic cause)
2- optimistic (A believes we’re born to do good and avoid evil, opposite to Augustine)
3- immoral outcomes (NL bans contraception? Interferes with primary precept for ‘reproduction’)

20
Q

What does deontological ethics mean?

A

Ethics focuses on your duty or rules

21
Q

What is a normative theory?

A

A theory which tells you what is right and wrong/ what you ought to do

22
Q

What does an a priori argument mean?

A

An argument derived from reason, NOT experience

23
Q

What is the key kantian assumption?

A

That we are AUTONOMOUS MORAL AGENTS (self-legislators)

- we have free choice and free reason

24
Q

What does Kant think the only thing that is morally good without exceptions

A

Good will

25
Q

What is a person of good will motivated by?

A

Duty (and only duty)

26
Q

The good will is an intrinsic good. What does that mean?

A

It is good in itself and not as a means to something else

27
Q

What does Kant argue your duty comes from?

A

The 3 categorical imperative formulations

28
Q

What is a normative theory?

A

A theory which tells you what is right and wrong/ what you ought to do

29
Q

What does an a priori argument mean?

A

An argument derived from reason, NOT experience

30
Q

What is the key kantian assumption?

A

That we are AUTONOMOUS MORAL AGENTS (self-legislators)

- we have free choice and free reason

31
Q

What does Kant think the only thing that is morally good without exceptions

A

Good will

32
Q

What is a person of good will motivated by?

A

Duty (and only duty)

33
Q

The good will is an intrinsic good. What does that mean?

A

It is good in itself and not as a means to something else

34
Q

What does Kant argue your duty comes from?

A

The 3 categorical imperative formulations

Religion And Philosophy (1 decks)

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