AS Flashcards
Axon
specialized cell membrane w/in a neuron that conducts electrical impales
Forebrain
Cerebral hemispheres, thalamus and hypo-thalamus: funes in higher levels of reason and logic memory and emotion
Midbrain
connects the forebrain to the hindbrain: assitis w/ vision and hearing
Hindbrain
cerebellum,puns and medulla oblongata: responsible for basic functions such as respiration and heart rate
Spinal cord
main nerve pathway for all impulses going to and from the brain
brainstem
connects brain to spinal cord:contains medulla oblongata
AU
both ears
BID
twice daily
OU
both eyes
what is the central nervous system and what is the central nervous system composed of?
The brain
Spinal cord
What do the nerves make up?
the nervous system
Where in the body is the automatic nervous system located?
thought the body;spinal cord, brain
What is the function of the cerebellum?
Balance and Posture
What parts make up the hindbrain
forebrain
midbrain?
pons, cerebellum, and medulla oblongata
cerebrum,thalamus,hypothalamus
the diencephalon (prethalamus, thalamus, hypothalamus, subthalamus, epithalamus, and pretectum) and the telencephalon (cerebrum)
Axons make up what?
the majority of nerves
What are the different branches within the autonomic nervous system?
Sympathetic, parasympathetic nervous systems
What is the difference between the peripheral nervous system and central nervous
system?
CNS- Consists of the brain and spinal cord
PNS- Includes all the nerves that branch out from the CNs to reach the rest of the body
What is happening to the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous when triggered?
Sympathetic - increases hr, and blood pressure, decreases digestion and
blood flow to the skin
Parasympathetic - nervous system, decreases hr, and blood pressure,
and increases digestion and blood flow to skin
What is the function of the Sensory neuron?
detect Stimuli from the enviromat, light, sound, taste, touch, smell, and transmits info as electrical signals to the CNS for processing n interpretation
What are motor nerves ?
nerves that transmit
Signals from the CNS to muscles in the body
What is the location and function of a dendrite?
located on neurons and funes to receive electrical signals
from Other neurons
Where do you find the vitreous humor and what is its function in the eye?
In the posterior Chamber of the eye situated between the lens and retina
What is the structure in the eye that allows an animal to see in the dark/dimmer lighting?
tapetum’; lucidum
What are the 2 photoreceptors found in the retina and what are they responsible for?
rods Vision in the dark
Cones: Color vision and sharp detail in bright light
What is hydrocephalus
too much Cerebrospinal fluid
In the Skull
What cranial nerves are the following tests evaluating the function of. How do you perform these tests, and why do we perform these tests?
A.Menace response Optic Nerve (Crainial Nerve 1l)
move hand quickly toward ere wio touching animal should blink in response test the animals vision and integrity of the nerves
What cranial nerves are the following tests evaluating the function of. How do you perform these tests, and why do we perform these tests?
b. Pupillary Light Reflex Cranial nerves |I
Shine a light in the eye and observe the constriction of the pupil in that ete assess the integrity of the optic and oculamotor nerves
What cranial nerves are the following tests evaluating the function of. How do you perform these tests, and why do we perform these tests?
c. Palpebral reflex Cranial nerves
Gently touch inner corner of animals eye, should dink in response asses Sensory and motor components of facial nerves
What cranial nerves are the following tests evaluating the function of. How do you perform these tests, and why do we perform these tests?
d. Proprioception
Sensory nerves, Spinal cord, brain
Put paw in abnormal position and see hao quickly animal corrects position
Coordination and balance
Cranial nerve #
olfactory
motor/sensory
func
1
olfactory
sensory
sense of smell
Cranial nerve #
optic
motor/sensory
func
2
optic
sensory
vision
Cranial nerve #
Oculomotor
motor/sensory
func
3
Oculomotor
mainly motor
eye movement,pupillary movement
Cranial nerve #
Trochlear
motor/sensory
func
4
Trochlear
Motor
eye movement
Cranial nerve #
Trigeminal
motor/sensory
func
5
Trigeminal
sensory and motor
facial sensation,motor to masticatory muscles
Cranial nerve #
Abducens
motor/sensory
func
6
Abducens
mainly motor
eye movement
Cranial nerve #
facial
motor/sensory
func
7
facial
sensory and motor
Motor ti facial muscles,lacrimal glands,and most salivary glands
taste sensation for anterior portion of tongue
Cranial nerve #
vestibulocochlear
motor/sensory
func
8
vestibulocochlear
mostly sensory
vestibular–sensation for equilibrium
cochlear-sensation for hearing
Cranial nerve #
glossopharyngeal
motor/sensory
func
9
glossopharyngeal
sensory and motor
taste sensation for posterior portion of tongue
motor to parotid salivary gland
Cranial nerve #
vagus
motor/sensory
func
10
vagus
sensory and motor
parasympathetic motor function to thoracic and abdominal viscera
motor function for voice,motor function for soft palate
Cranial nerve #
accessory
motor/sensory
func
11
accessory
mainly motor
head movement
Cranial nerve #
hypoglossal
motor/sensory
func
12
hypoglossal
mainly motor
tongue movement
