ARTS - Revival of the Arts Flashcards
It is an artistic and cultural period that placed the importance of reason, order, and scientific inquiry.
Neoclassicism
When did Neoclassicism start and end?
1750-1850
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Neoclassicism characterized the _______ thinking and moderation of _______, but with a _______ charged spirit.
(1) rational
(2) Classicism
(3) politically
MODIFIED TRUE OR FALSE
Neoclassicism GAINS emotion and has clear form, shallow space, restrained colors, and strong vertical and horizontal lines.
FALSE; lacks
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The subject matter was _____, as opposed to the dynamic and temporal _______ works.
(1) timeless
(2) Baroque
MODIFIED TRUE OR FALSE
Thus, self-expression, newness, and improvisation ARE QUALITIES of Neoclassical art.
FALSE; Not qualities
In what year, did a purer school of Neoclassical art develop in France?
1780
He was a French painter who drew rousing subjects from Roman history to celebrate the virtues of fortitude, bravery, simplicity, and austerity.
Jacques-Louis David (1748-1825)
It is defined as deep seriousness in historical Neoclassical paintings.
Gravitas
It was a neoclassical painting that possessed certain rhetorical qualities of gesture and posture.
Oath of the Horatii (1784) by David
MODIFIED TRUE OR FALSE
There were also patterns of drapery common in ROMAN sculpture.
FALSE; Greek
MODIFIED TRUE OR FALSE
The later French Neoclassical paintings were NOT UNCOMPROMISING as the early Neoclassical paintings made by the Italians in Rome.
FALSE; more uncompromising
In which painter, emotionally detached quality paintings can be seen?
Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres (1780-1867)
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Neoclassical painters went for _____ and ______.
(1) outline
(2) linear design
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As to subject matter, Neoclassical painters were inspired by ______ Greek and _______ mythology and ______ as told in poetry, plays, and interpretations.
(1) ancient
(2) Roman
(3) history
He was one of the most important sources of subject matter in artworks.
Homer
What is the book authored by Homer?
Iliad and Odyssey
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Many __________ paintings are also portrayed important events from the _________ period and works by ______.
(1) Neoclassical
(2) Medieval
(3) Dante
MODIFIED TRUE OR FALSE
Neoclassical painters also appreciated GOTHIC art as they valued the historical accuracy of settings, costumes, and other details in their paintings.
TRUE
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Overall, Neoclassical _______, historical compositions, and ______ have ______ themes that highlight the ideals of simplicity and _______, logic and order, and ______ and clarity.
(1) landscape
(2) portraiture
(3) classical
(4) balance
(5) realisn
In what year, did the discovery of archaeological sites in Greece and Italy and the desire to break from the outdated Rococo and Baroque sculptural styles led many people to collect antique sculptures?
1700s
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Foreigners in Italy began exporting _______ to many parts of ______ or employed representatives to manage their art ________.
(1) marbles
(2) Europe
(3) collections
MODIFIED TRUE OR FALSE
ROMAN sculptures were the most collected, although many of them were copies of the Greek originals.
TRUE
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Neoclassical ______ were after beautiful _______ and pure forms, so it is not surprising that these sculptors predominantly used __________ and adapted mythological subject matter.
(1) sculptors
(2) silhouettes
(3) white marbles
MODIFIED TRUE OR FALSE
Neoclassical counterpart valued ACTIVE AND DYNAMIC of Greek sculptures.
FALSE; calmness and stillness
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Greek sculptures had ______ calm poses and ______ postures, as can be seen in the works of ___________.
(1) upright
(2) composed
(3) Antonio Canova (1757-1822)
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Neoclassical sculpture was a _______, a clear opposition to the _______ in Baroque works.
(1) frontal
(2) dynamism
MODIFIED TRUE OR FALSE
One SERIOUS dilemma for Neoclassical sculptures was that it was important to portray a famous person or a hero in Classical or modern costumes.
TRUE
It was Antonio Canova’s massive standing figure.
Napoleon (1808-1811)
It is the home of early Neoclassical architecture, such as the Cathedral Church of St. Paul the Apostle, the Royal Chelsea Hospital, and the Royal Observatory in Greenwich.
England
He is ironically labeled today as a Baroque architect.
Sir Christopher Wren (1632-1723)
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Neoclassical buildings are known for the following characteristics: clean and ______ lines, simplicity of _____ forms, and ______ of scales.
(1) elegant
(2) geometrical
(3) grandeur
These have been originally designed to support the weight of the structure.
Columns
MODIFIED TRUE OR FALSE
Many architects used the column as a GRAPHICAL ELEMENT.
TRUE
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The facade of a Neoclassical building is usually ____ and _____, whereas the roof is usually ________.
(1) long
(2) flat
(3) horizontal
MODIFIED TRUE OR FALSE
The gardens that surround the architectural structures were NOT OFTEN COMPLETED in geometric designs.
FALSE; often completed
Enumerate the three main types of Neoclassical architecture.
(1) Temple
(2) Palladian
(3) Classical Block Building
It was a style of architecture developed during the Neoclassical period as a result of a wider familiarity with ancient Greek and Roman ruins.
Temple
It is a line of columns around a building.
Peristyle
Who designed the Greek-inspired British Museum?
Sir Robert Smirke (1780-1867)
Who designed the Roman-inspired Pantheon in Paris?
Jacques-Germain Soufflot (1713-1780)
Enumerate the two of the most famous Neoclassical temple-style buildings.
(1) British Museum
(2) Pantheon in Paris
It is an architecture that derives its name from Andrea Palladio (1508-1580).
Palladian
He is one of the most influential architects of the late Italian Renaissance.
Andrea Palladio (1508-1580)
He was known for many country houses he designed, and he is one of the most well-known Palladian architects in Britain during the Neoclassical period.
Robert Adam (1728-1792)
It features classical gateways, courtyards, and corner towers, and it is designed by Robert Adam.
Osterley Park
It features a massive square or rectangular block with a classical detail-rich exterior and a flat roof.
Classical block building
He was one of the early classical block architects.
Henri Labrouste (1801-1875)
It was the iconic masterwork of Henri Labrouste.
Bibliotheque Sainte-Genevieve in Paris
It was another famous classical block building designed by Charles Garnier.
Palais Garnier (Paris Opera House)
