Artists Flashcards
Art museum in St. Petersburg
The Hermitage
Art museum in Amsterdam
The Rijksmuseum
20th century American sculptor, known for his mobiles (and stabiles - his stationary sculptures)
Alexander Calder
1st great architect of the Italian Renaissance, designed the Duomo’s dome in Florence
Filipo Brunelleschi
16h Italian painter, after Da Vinci and Michelangelo, known for his Madonnas and “The School of Athens”
Raphael
Renaissance man, created bronze doors for Florence’s baptistry of St. John, named “The Gates of Paradise” by Michelangelo
Lorenzo Ghiberti
Italian sculptor of “The ____” (body of Jesus draped over Mary after Crucifixion) located in St. Peter’s Basilica, the only one he signed
“The Pieta”, Michelangelo
a painting on wet plaster, when the plaster dries the painting is bonded to the wall (examples are “The Last Supper” and the “Sistine Chapel”), popular during the Renaissance
fresco
German High Renaissance artist, one of the greatest portraitists, father “the Elder” was also a painter in the Late Gothic school, “The Ambassadors”, court painter to Henry VIII, many portraits of him and his wives
Hans Holbein the Younger
Venetian High Renaissance artist who favored red hair in paintings, color “rich auburn” is named after him, known for his nudes (like “Venus of Urbino”)(she seductively lays on bed looking at you)
Titian
Mannerist painter from the Renaissance school, painted another “Last Supper” where table is diagonal
Tintoretto
Flemish High Rennaisance painter in Bruges, “Ghent altarpiece” and “The Arnolfini Portrait”
Jan van Eyck
Dutch High Renaissance painter of “The Garden of Earthly Delights” triptych
Hieronymous Bosch
Crete-born Mannerist painter that painted mostly in Toledo, Spain, studied under Titian in Venice, “View of Toledo”, unappreciated during his lifetime, famous for religious paintings and distorted elongated figures
El Greco
Baroque painter, involved in lots of brawls and moved all around Italy, “The Crucifixion of Saint Peter”
Caravaggio
Greatest Baroque sculptor, “David” sculpture where he is in the midst of attacking Goliath with his slingshot, designed the piazza and inside of St Peter’s Basilica
Bernini
Greatest Flemish Baroque painter, “The Judgement of Paris”, painted women as plump (adjective for plump women named after him)
Peter Paul Rubens
Baroque Dutch painter, master of chiaroscuro, lots of self portraits, “The Night Watch”, “Aristotle with a Bust of Homer”, “The Anatomy Lesson of Dr. Nicholas Tulp”, his house in Amsterdam is now a museum
Rembrandt van Rijn
17th Dutch Baroque painter of “Girl with a Pearl Earring” (the Mona Lisa of the North), painted almost all of his paintings in two rooms in his house in Delft, Dutch Republic where he lived his entire life, also a member of the Delft Guild
Johannes (Jan) Vermeer
played by Colin Firth in a 2003 movie with the same name (also starring Scarlett Johansson)
Johannes (Jan) Vermeer
Spanish greatest Baroque painter, “Las Meninas” (The Maids of Honor) which he appears in the process of painting the king and queen, court painter for King Philip IV of Spain
Diego de Velazquez
known for his beard later named after him, an assistant to Reubens in Antwerp, Belgium
Anthony van Dyck
Flemish Baroque painter, leading court painter in England after living in Italy and Flanders, most famous for portraits of Charles I of England and his family, “Triple portrait of King Charles I”
Anthony van Dyck
art style that is highly ornamental, “over-the-top Baroque” or “Baroque on a binge” featuring sunbathed idyllic landscapes inhabited by aristocrats, initially a pejorative term
Rococo (1700-1775)
Louis XIV’s style was _____, Louis XV’s style was ____ (and led to the French Revolution against the King and the aristocrats)
Baroque, Rococo
French Rococo painter, student of Francois Boucher (another Rococo painter), “The Swing” (where guy is looking up rich pretty girl’s skirt in a swing)
Jean-Honore Fragonard
English Rococo painter/engraver, “The Rake’s Progress” a series of paintings that tells a story about a young man’s overindulgence in wine and women lands him in an insane asylum
William Hogarth
English Rococo painter, “The Blue Boy” (wealthy boy all dressed in blue), rivals with Sir Joshua Reynolds
Thomas Gainsborough
English Rococo painter, first president of London’s Royal Academy of Art and got knighted in 1769, rivals with Thomas Gainsborough
Sir Joshua Reynolds
Greatest Neoclassical painter, French painter, first hired by Louis XVI but then turned to the Jacobins and became friend of Maximilien Robespierre, painted death of Jean-Paul Marat, later aligned himself with Napoleon I
Jacques-Louis David
“Oath of the Horatti”, “The Death of Socrates”, “The Tennis Court Oath”, “The Death of Marat”, “Napoleon at the Saint-Bernard Pass”, “The Coronation of Napoleon”, “Napoleon in His Study”, “Portrait of Madame Recamier”
Jacques-Louis David
Leading French Romantic artist, “Liberty Leading the People” (Marianne, symbol for French liberty, holding up a French flag on the battlefield while topless)
Eugene Delacroix
Spanish Romantic painter, court painter for the Spanish crown, ilnesses in 1792 left him deaf, moved into “Deaf Man’s House” and painted the dark “Black Paintings” directly on the walls
Francisco Goya
“Second of May, 1808”, “Third of May, 1808” (about Napoleon’s invasion of Spain), “The Nude Maja”, “The Clothed Maja”, “Saturn devouring one of his sons” “Charles IV of Spain and His Family” (he’s in it)
Francisco Goya
British Romantic painter and water-colorist, famous for his landscapes and seascapes, “Modern Rome”
J.M.W. Turner
British Romantic painter, known for his pastoral landscape paintings of Dedham Vale (the area surrounding his home), “Dedham Vale of 1802”, “the Hay Wain” (the hay wagon)
John Constable
American Realist landscape painter, printmaker, and watercolorist, best known for his watercolor seascapes (mostly done in 1880s Prouts Neck, Maine), most of them have boats against the waves during a storm
Winslow Homer
English poet and painter, leader of the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood in 1848 with William Holman Hunt and John Everett Millais)
Dante Gabriel Rossetti
19/20th French impressionist painter and sculptor, one of the best, “Bal du moulin de la Galette” (lots of people in Montmartre)
Pierre-Auguste Renoir
19/20th French impressionist painter, known for feathery brushstrokes and play of light, “Impression, Sunrise” gave name to the Impressionist movement, “Water Lillies” (many), “Haystacks” (many)
Claude Monet
19th century Impressionist French painter, “Luncheon on the Grass” (showing two clothed men and a naked woman picknicking) and “Olympia” (a nude female lying on a bed near a servant) shocked the public of his day
Edouard Manet
helped transition from Realism to Impressionism, “A Bar att he Folies-Bergere” with female bartender staring directly back at camera
Edouard Manet
19th century Impressionist French painter & sculptor, known for painting ballet dancers and scenes of cafe life
Edgar Degas
American-born British-based Impressionist painter during the Gilded Age, “Arrangement in Grey and Black No. 1” (commonly “Whistler’s Mother”)
James Whistler
19th Dutch Postimpressionist painter, troubled genius who cut off one of his ears in a fit of depression, committed suicide, only sold 1 painting, “Starry Night”, “Sunflowers”, “Bedroom in Arles”, “Irises”
Vincent van Gogh
19th century French postimpressionist painter, known for his paintings of Polynesian women, abandoned his career and family and moved to live and paint in Tahiti, stayed at Van Gogh’s house the night he cut his ear off
Paul Gauguin
19th French sculptor, the father of modern sculpture, “The Thinker”, “The Kiss”, “The Gates of Hell”, “Balzac”, “Monument to Victor Hugo”, “The Age of Bronze”, “The Burghers of Calais”
Auguste Rodin
French Post-Impressionist painter, inventor of Pointilism, “A Sunday Afternoon on the Island of La Grande Jatte”, died at 31 to sudden illness in Paris
Georges-Pierre Seurat
French Post-Impressionist painter, produced posters for the Moulin Rouge in Montmarte, extremely short (4’11”) due to a medical condition, “At the Moulin Rouge” features Parisian night life (he also appears next to the really tall man)
Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec
19/20th French Fauvist painter and sculptor, leader of the Fauves, known for brilliant colors and bold brushstrokes, had major influence on modern art, called a wild beast (which gave name to Fauvism), “The Dance”
Henri Matisse