Articulations Flashcards
Articulations
Joints
Synovial Joints
Bones surrounded by Articular capsule
Fibrous Joints
Bones held together by fibrous connective tissue
Cartilaginous Joints
Bones held together by cartilage
Articular capsule
- A part of the Synovial joints
- surrounds joint and sets boundaries of synovial cavity between bones of the joint
Fibrous Capsule
- most superficial layer of the Articular capsule
- attaches to the periosteum of the bone
- prevents bone from dislocating under normal stress
Ligaments
Strong fibrous capsules found in some joints
Synovial membrane
- deepest layer of Articular capsule
- secretes synovial fluid used to lubricate joint
Articular discs
Pads of fibrocartilage between the bones of a joint, allows bones of different shapes to fit together tightly
Bursae
Help reduce friction between joints and another structure
Suture
Immovable fibrous joint with interlocking edges
Syndesmosis
Joint where fibrous connective tissue forms a band between two bones That are farther apart than a suture
Gomphosis
Ligament holds a peg-like structure in a socket
Planar (synovial joints)
Two flat or slightly curved bone joints connecting
Hinge (synovial joints)
Monoxial joint in Which bulging surface of one bone goes to concave surface
Ex: knee joint and elbow joint
Pivot (synovial joint)
Cyndrical or pointed surface Of bone that rotates with an ring formed bone
Condyloid (Synovial joint)
Two oval or convex portions of bones that fit into one another
Ex: phalanges
Saddle (synovial joint)
To settle shaped parts of bone that fit into one another. Allows for up and down, and side to side movement
Ball and socket (synovial joint)
Ball shaped part fits into socket like depression of another bone
Ex: Shoulder and hip joint
Synchondrosis
Hyaline cartilage connecting 2 bones
Ex: first rib and sternum
Symphasis
Phones along midline of the body are connected by thick pad of fibrocartilage along with a thin line of cartilage on each bone
Ex:Pubic and intravertebral joints between the parties of two vertebrae
Flexion
Decreases the angle between the two bones of an articulation
Extension
Increases the angle between the bones
Hyper extension
Extending a joint beyond its normal anatomical position. Serious hyperextension may lead to strains and sprains
Abduction
The movement of a limb away from the midline of the body in the frontal plane
Adduction
Brings a limb back toward the midline of the body
Circumduction
Movement that involves moving a set of bones so that it’s proximal end does not move and its distal demonstrate a circular motion
Rotation
Movement of a bone around It’s longitudinal axis
Elevation
To raise a part of the body superiorly
Depression
To move a part of the body inferiorly
Dorsiflexion
Movement of a foot for the dorsal surface
Plantar flexion
Bending the foot toward the plantar surface
Supination
Turning so that a body part is facing up
Pronation
Turning so that a body part is facing down
