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MRT > Articulations > Flashcards

Articulations Flashcards

1
Q

What forms articulations

A

flexible connective tissue

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2
Q

what is the purpose of articulations

A

hold bones together but offer some movement

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3
Q

what are the 2 ways to classify joints

A

functional and sturctural

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4
Q

what classification of joints is based on the movemnt they permit

A

functional

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5
Q

what is structural classification based on

A

anatomical characteristic (space and type of tissue)

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6
Q

what are the 3 different functional classifications of joints

A

Synarthrosis
Amphiarthrosis
diarthrosis

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7
Q

which functional classification of joints are immovable

A

synarthrosis

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8
Q

how movable are amphiarthrosis joints

A

slightly

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9
Q

what functional classification of joints are freely movable

A

diarthrosis

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10
Q

what are the 3 different structural classifications of joints

A

fibrous
cartilaginous
synovial

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11
Q

what is the only joint with joint cavities

A

synovial

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12
Q

what holds together the bones in fibrous joints

A

dense connective tissue

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13
Q

which joints are held together by cartilage

A

cartilaginous joints

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14
Q

what holds together synovial joints

A

dense connective tissue

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15
Q

what type of joint is syndesmosis

A

fibrous and amphiarthrosis

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16
Q

where is the syndesmosis joint

A

distal tib/fib

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17
Q

what type of joint is a suture

A

fibrous and synarthrosis

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18
Q

where are sutures

A

only in the skull

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19
Q

what type of joint is gomphosis

A

synarthrosis and fibrous

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20
Q

where is the gomphosis joint

A

in gums

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21
Q

what type of joint is a interosseous membrane

A

fibrous

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22
Q

where is the interosseous membrane

A

between tibia and fibula aswell as radius and ulna

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23
Q

what tyep of joint is a symphysis

A

cartilaginous

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24
Q

where is symphysis joints located

A

pubic symphysis, intervertabral discs and between manubrium and sternum

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25
Q

what joint contains fibrocartilginous discs

A

symphysis

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26
Q

what type of joint is synchondrosis

A

synarthrosis and cartaliginous

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27
Q

what type of joint is the epiphyseal plate

A

synchondrosis

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28
Q

what surrounds synovial joints

A

articular capsule

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29
Q

what connects the articular capsule to the periosteum of the bone

A

outer layer/fibrous capsule

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30
Q

what is the purpose of the inner layer of the articular capsule

A

produces synovial fluid

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31
Q

what makes up synovial fluid

A

hyaluronic acid and fluid from blood plasma

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32
Q

what are the functions of synovial fluid

A

-lubricates
-absorbs shock
-supplies oxygen/nutrients to chondrocytes within -articular catrilage
-removes waste and CO2 from chondrocytes
-removes debris from joint from wear and tear

33
Q

what ligaments are extracapsular

A

MCL and LCL

34
Q

what ligaments are intracapsular

A

ACL and PCL

35
Q

what is the function of a bursae

A

reduce friction in some joints

36
Q

where are bursae

A

between…
-skin and bones
-tendons and bones
-muscles and bone
-ligaments and bones

37
Q

what are the 6 classifications of synovial joints

A

-gliding (plane)
-hinge
-pivot
-condyloid
-saddle
-ball and socket

38
Q

which synovial joint is this…
articulating surfaces are flat or slightly curved

A

gliding (plane)

39
Q

which synovial joint is this…
convex surface of one bone fits into the concave part of another

A

hinge

40
Q

what movment to hinge joints provide

A

flexion and extension

41
Q

which synovial joint is this… rounded or pointed surface of one bone articulates witha ring formed by bone/ligament

A

pivot

42
Q

what movement do pivot joints allow

A

roation

43
Q

which synovial joint is this…
convex projection of one bone fits into oval shaped depression in another

A

condyliod

44
Q

what movement does a condyloid joint allow

A

flexion and extension, and ulnar/radial deviation

45
Q

which synovial joint is this…
one bone is saddle shaped the other sits in the saddle

A

saddle

46
Q

what movement does the saddle joint allow

A

flexion and extension, abduction and adduction

47
Q

which synovial joint is this…
head of one bone fits into cup like depression of the other

A

ball and socket

48
Q

examples of glinding (plane) joint

A
  • intercapal bones, intertarsal bones
  • sternocostal joints
    -costovertebral joints
49
Q

examples of hinge joints

A

-knee
-elbow
-ankle
-interphalangeal joints

50
Q

examples of condyloid joints

A

radiocarpal joints (radius with scaphoid and lunate)
MCP joint (2-5)

51
Q

examples of pivot joints

A

radioulnar joints
atlanto-axial joint

52
Q

examples of saddle joints

A

1st CMC joint (base of thumb and trapezium)

53
Q

examples of ball and socket joint

A

shoulder, hip, talonvicular joints

54
Q

what is another name for the shoulder joint

A

glenohumeral joint

55
Q

what type of joint id the shouolder

A

ball and socket

56
Q

what joint has the greatest degree of movement

A

shoulder

57
Q

how many bursae are in the shoulder joint

A

4

58
Q

how many ligaments are in the shoulder joint

A

3

59
Q

what is the narrow rim of cartilage around the glenoid called

A

labrum

60
Q

what are the rotator cuff muscles

A

supraspinatus
infraspinatus
teres minor
subscapularis

61
Q

what causes AC separation

A

tearing the ligaments between the acromion and clavicle

62
Q

what 2 types of joints are in the elbow

A

hinge and pivot

63
Q

what does the head of the radius articulate with

A

capitulum of humerus

64
Q

what does the trochlear notch of the ulna articuate with

A

trochlea of humerus

65
Q

where does ulnar collateral ligament attach

A

medial epicondyle to coronoid process and olecranon

65
Q

what does the radial head artiulate with to pivot

A

radial notch of ulna

66
Q

where does the radial collateral ligament attach

A

lateral epicondyle to annular ligament and radial notch of ulna

67
Q

where does the annular ligament attach

A

encircles radial head

68
Q

what is another name for the knee joint

A

femorotibial

69
Q

how many joints are in the 1 synovial cavity of the knee

A

3

70
Q

what are the 3 joints in the knee

A

lateral tibofemoral
medial tibiofemoral
patellofemeral

71
Q

where is the ACL

A

anterior to tibial spines
lateral femoral condyle

72
Q

where is PCL

A

posterior intercondylar area of tibia
anterior part of medial femoral condyle

73
Q

what type of joint is the ankle

A

hinge

74
Q

what type of movement does the ankle joint allow

A

dorsiflexion and plantar flexion

75
Q

what are the medial ligaments of the ankle

A

deltoid

76
Q

what are the lateral ligaments of the ankle

A

anterior talofibular
calcaneal fibular
posterior talofibular

77
Q

what are the outer and inner parts of the vertabral discs called

A

outer- annulus fibrosus
inner- nucleus pulposus

MRT (1 decks)

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