Articles Of Confederation, Constitution, Federalists and antifederalists Flashcards
What was the group that created the Articles of Confederation?
The Second COntinental Congress
What was the Articles of Confederation?
A government that could declare war, settle disputes between states, issue currency, and conduct affairs with indian tribes and foreign countries. However, it lacked power to govern efficiently.
What allowed states to tax goods from outside states?
The Articles of Confederation
An uprising in 1786 conducted by poor farmers that broke out in massachusetts was known as…
Shay’s Rebellion
What were the few achievements of the Articles of Confederation?
Peace Treaty with Britain, Ended the American revolution, and passed the northwest ordinance.
A social contract between a government and the people it governs.
The Constitution
What did the constitution accomplish?
Established the governments power and identifies the basic rights that belong to the people who live within its borders.
Which historical document wanted to protect people against abuses of power.
The constitution.
Who helped write the constitution?
Thomas Jefferson, Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, George Mason, and Others
What was the Tenth Amendment?
A law that stated that if its not a power given to the federal government, then the states and its people have it.
What is Republicanism?
A government chosen by the peopole
What is Popular Sovereignty?
An idea in the constitution that states the authority of the government is created by and for its citizens.
What did Baron de Montesquieu influence?
Checks and Balances
The separation of powers that ensures no branch of government is more powerful than the other is called…
Separation of Powers/Checks and Balances
What ensures that 3/4 of the states are needed to add an amendment to the constitution?
The Amending Process
What is the sharing of power between federal and various state governments?
Federalism
What is a “federal republic”?
Where citizens have the political obligations to have their rights secured by two authorities (federal and state governments)
What does the federal government do?
Treats issues facing the entire nation (such as defense)
What does the state government do?
handles local affairs (such as marriage licenses)
What is the idea that you are “innocent until proved guilty”?
Rights of the Accused
Opponents of the new U.S. constitution were known as…
Anti-Federalists
Thomas Jefferson (an Anti-Federalist) helped publish papers known as…
The Anti-Federalist papers
What are some reasons why Anti-Federalists didn’t want to adopt the constitution?
Lack of a Bill of Rights, too much government power, belief that federal laws were superior to state laws, the republic was too vast to govern, and fear of the chief executive.
What were Alexander Hamilton, John, Jay, and James Madison?
Federalists
Who were the people that favored ratifying the constitution?
Federalists
What were the Federalist Papers?
85 Essays that argued the new nation would not last if the proposed U.S. Constitution was not adopted.
What were some reasons as to why the Federalists wanted to adopt the constitution?
America needed a strong government, Government power was divided, and they needed new powers of the National government.
Although the Anti-Federalists wanted to add a Bill of rights and the Federalists thought they didn’t need to add one…
A Bill of Rights was added to the constitution.
Why was the Bill Of Rights Added?
Because in order to ratify the constitution they needed the votes of the opposing side.
What is a Limited Government?
A body whose main function is the protection of people and their property.
What does the executive branch do?
Enforce laws that were enacted by congress
What is the bill of rights?
A part of the U.S. constitution that spells out the limits of power placed on the federal government when it comes to using its power over it’s citizens.
Powers denied to the federal government:
Suspending the “Writ of habeas Corpus”, spending money without congressional approval, and giving preference to one state over another.
Powers denied to both federal and state government
passing facto laws, passing bills of attainder, to grant titles of nobility, taxing exports, and denying persons due process of law.
Powers denied to the state governments
Printing Money, enter into tax treaties, tax imports, tax the federal government, and declaring war.
First Amendment:
Freedom of religion, speech, press, the right of assembly and right to petition.
Second Amendment:
Permits citizens to be armed
Third Amendment:
prohibits the government from placing troops in peoples houses without their permission.
Fourth Amendment:
protects from unreasonable searches.
Fifth Amendmemt:
citizens cannot be deprived of life, liberty, or property. No person can be subject to double jeopardy - being tried twice for the same crime.
Sixth Amendment:
guarantees fair trial to all persons accused of crime. right to be represented by a lawyer.
Seventh Amendment:
Guarantees the right to a jury trial in certain civil cases.
Eighth Amendment:
Prevents cruel or unfair punishment
Ninth Amendment:
Individuals have other rights that aren’t on the constitution.
