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Clin Path > Arthropods > Flashcards

Arthropods Flashcards

1
Q

phylum characterized by jointed legs and segmented exoskeleton

A

Arthropoda

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2
Q

systems of Arthropods

A

true body cavity, circulatory, digestive, respiratory, extratory, nervous, and reproductive

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3
Q

how do Arthropods reproduce

A

sexually with eggs

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4
Q

resides on surface of host

A

ectoparasites

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5
Q

insects

A

3 pairs of legs, 3 distinct body regions (head, thorax, abdomen) single pair of antenna

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6
Q

arachnids

A

4 pairs of legs, 2 body regions (cephalothorax, abdomen), no antennae

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7
Q

parasitic arthropods rarely encountered in resp. tract of vertebrae

A

pentastomids

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8
Q

mouth parts of arthropods

A

depends on feeding habits, chewing/biting, sponging, piercing/sucking

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9
Q

development of arthropods

A

egg—>larva—>nymph—>adults

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10
Q

mobile digits used for cutting

A

chelicerae

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11
Q

mobile digits used for sensory

A

palps

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12
Q

structure with recurved teeth that maintains attachment to the host and has a groove that allows flow of saliva and host blood and lymph

A

hypostome

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13
Q

what is the order for fleas

A

Siphonaptera

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14
Q

body of fleas

A

flattened, wingless with legs adapted for jumping

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15
Q

what can a heavy flea infestation lead to

A

anemia

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16
Q

what causes itching from fleas

A

saliva (antigenic)

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17
Q

human flea from dogs and cats

A

Pulex irritans

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18
Q

“stick-tight” flea

A

Echidnophaga gallinacea

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19
Q

infestation of fleas

A

siphonapterosis

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20
Q

order for lice

A

mallophaga and anoplura

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21
Q

lice with biting/chewing mouthparts, rectangle shape

A

mallophaga

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22
Q

lice with sucking mouthparts, diamond shaped

A

anoplura

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23
Q

what do adult lice do with eggs (nits)

A

glue them to hosts hair or feathers

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24
Q

when do nits hatch

A

5-14 days

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25
Q

transmission of lice

A

direct contact but can be contaminated equipment

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26
Q

louse infestation

A

pediculosis

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27
Q

order of flies

A

diptera

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28
Q

how do flies hurt their host

A

painful bites, blood sucking, hypersensitivity reaction, depositing eggs in sores

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29
Q

when larvae develop in tissues or organs of hosts

A

myiasis

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30
Q

biting midges (no-see-ums) small flies

A

Culicoidea sp.

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31
Q

what do biting midges do to host

A

allergic dermatitis, and transmit helminths, protozoa, and viruses

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32
Q

black flies or buffalo gnats genus

A

Simulium

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33
Q

where are Simulium sp. most commonly found

A

streams

34
Q

what do Simulium sp. do

A

can drain a host of blood, may keep cattle from grazing, and can cause stampedes

35
Q

mothlike flies know for role of transmitting leishmaniasis

A

sandflies

36
Q

genus of sandflies

A

Phlebotomus and Lutzomyia sp.

37
Q

examples of muscid flies

A

horn flies and stable flies

38
Q

horn flies live where

A

most of life on cattle

39
Q

stable flies live where

A

stay on host for short time to have meals

40
Q

largest diptera

A

Chrysops sp. (deerflies) and Tabanus sp. (horseflies)

41
Q

what can deer flies and horseflies transmit

A

anthrax, anaplasmosis, and viruses (equine infectious anemia)

42
Q

sheep keds

A

Melophagus ovinus

43
Q

appearance of sheep keds

A

flatted, wingless flies that resemble ticks

44
Q

what do sheep keds cause

A

intense pruritus and damage to wool

45
Q

larger flies that are brightly colored

A

blow flies, flesh flies, screwworm flies

46
Q

what do blow flies, flesh flies, screwworm flies do to host

A

do not suck blood, but deposit eggs into decaying organic matter, septic wounds, or living tissue

47
Q

botflies species

A

Gasterophilus sp, Hypoderma sp., Cuterebra sp, and Oestrus sp

48
Q

which botfly lives in nasal passages of sheep

A

Oestrus sp.

49
Q

which botfly lives in stomach of horses

A

Gasterophilus sp

50
Q

which botfly lives in dorsal subcutis of cows

A

Hypoderma sp

51
Q

which botfly create large holes and pockets

A

Cuterebra

52
Q

most voracious blood feeders, cause malaria, yellow fever, elephantiasis

A

mosquitoes

53
Q

where do mosquitoes lay their eggs

A

water

54
Q

species of mosquitoes

A

Anopheles, Aedes, and Culex

55
Q

class of ticks and mites

A

Acarina

56
Q

infestation of ticks or mites

A

acariasis

57
Q

head of tick

A

capitulum; organ of cutting and attachment made up of hypostome and 4 accessory appendages

58
Q

2 types of ticks

A

hard (Ixodidae)
soft (Argasidae)

59
Q

hard covering of ticks

A

scutum

60
Q

saliva of females can be ____ and cause____

A

toxic, cause paralysis

61
Q

rocky mountain spotted fever tick

A

Dermacentor andersoni

62
Q

pacific coast tick

A

Dermacentor occidentalis

63
Q

australian paralysis tick

A

Ixodes holocyclus

64
Q

wood tick

A

Dermacentor variabilis

65
Q

soft tick ectoparasites of birds

A

Argas sp.

66
Q

symptoms of Argas sp.

A

relentless, severe anemia and lack of productivity

67
Q

soft ticks that live in sandy soils and shady areas around trees

A

Ornithodoros sp.

68
Q

spinose ear tick, produce waxy exudate

A

Otobius megnini

69
Q

mites that burrow or tunnel in epideris

A

Sarcoptidae

70
Q

sarcoptic mange

A

Sarcoptes scabiei

71
Q

burrowing mites that live in hair follicles and sebaceous glands of skin

A

Demodex sp

72
Q

which type of mites causes pruritus

A

Sarcoptic

73
Q

non-burrowing mites, live on surface of skin, feed on scale, hair and tissue fluids

A

Psoroptidae mites

74
Q

species of Psoroptidae mites

A

Psoroptes, Chorioptes, and Otodectes

75
Q

important species of mites in cattle

A

Chorioptes bovis

76
Q

walking dandruff

A

Cheyletiella

77
Q

lives in external ear canal, brownish-waxy exudate

A

Otodectes cynotis

78
Q

canine pentastone

A

Linguatula serrata

79
Q

phylum for segmented worms

A

Annelida

80
Q

medicinal leeches

A

Hirudo medicinalis

81
Q

invasion of attachment of leeches to skin

A

Hirudiniasis

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