Arthropods Flashcards
phylum characterized by jointed legs and segmented exoskeleton
Arthropoda
systems of Arthropods
true body cavity, circulatory, digestive, respiratory, extratory, nervous, and reproductive
how do Arthropods reproduce
sexually with eggs
resides on surface of host
ectoparasites
insects
3 pairs of legs, 3 distinct body regions (head, thorax, abdomen) single pair of antenna
arachnids
4 pairs of legs, 2 body regions (cephalothorax, abdomen), no antennae
parasitic arthropods rarely encountered in resp. tract of vertebrae
pentastomids
mouth parts of arthropods
depends on feeding habits, chewing/biting, sponging, piercing/sucking
development of arthropods
egg—>larva—>nymph—>adults
mobile digits used for cutting
chelicerae
mobile digits used for sensory
palps
structure with recurved teeth that maintains attachment to the host and has a groove that allows flow of saliva and host blood and lymph
hypostome
what is the order for fleas
Siphonaptera
body of fleas
flattened, wingless with legs adapted for jumping
what can a heavy flea infestation lead to
anemia
what causes itching from fleas
saliva (antigenic)
human flea from dogs and cats
Pulex irritans
“stick-tight” flea
Echidnophaga gallinacea
infestation of fleas
siphonapterosis
order for lice
mallophaga and anoplura
lice with biting/chewing mouthparts, rectangle shape
mallophaga
lice with sucking mouthparts, diamond shaped
anoplura
what do adult lice do with eggs (nits)
glue them to hosts hair or feathers
when do nits hatch
5-14 days
transmission of lice
direct contact but can be contaminated equipment
louse infestation
pediculosis
order of flies
diptera
how do flies hurt their host
painful bites, blood sucking, hypersensitivity reaction, depositing eggs in sores
when larvae develop in tissues or organs of hosts
myiasis
biting midges (no-see-ums) small flies
Culicoidea sp.
what do biting midges do to host
allergic dermatitis, and transmit helminths, protozoa, and viruses
black flies or buffalo gnats genus
Simulium
where are Simulium sp. most commonly found
streams
what do Simulium sp. do
can drain a host of blood, may keep cattle from grazing, and can cause stampedes
mothlike flies know for role of transmitting leishmaniasis
sandflies
genus of sandflies
Phlebotomus and Lutzomyia sp.
examples of muscid flies
horn flies and stable flies
horn flies live where
most of life on cattle
stable flies live where
stay on host for short time to have meals
largest diptera
Chrysops sp. (deerflies) and Tabanus sp. (horseflies)
what can deer flies and horseflies transmit
anthrax, anaplasmosis, and viruses (equine infectious anemia)
sheep keds
Melophagus ovinus
appearance of sheep keds
flatted, wingless flies that resemble ticks
what do sheep keds cause
intense pruritus and damage to wool
larger flies that are brightly colored
blow flies, flesh flies, screwworm flies
what do blow flies, flesh flies, screwworm flies do to host
do not suck blood, but deposit eggs into decaying organic matter, septic wounds, or living tissue
botflies species
Gasterophilus sp, Hypoderma sp., Cuterebra sp, and Oestrus sp
which botfly lives in nasal passages of sheep
Oestrus sp.
which botfly lives in stomach of horses
Gasterophilus sp
which botfly lives in dorsal subcutis of cows
Hypoderma sp
which botfly create large holes and pockets
Cuterebra
most voracious blood feeders, cause malaria, yellow fever, elephantiasis
mosquitoes
where do mosquitoes lay their eggs
water
species of mosquitoes
Anopheles, Aedes, and Culex
class of ticks and mites
Acarina
infestation of ticks or mites
acariasis
head of tick
capitulum; organ of cutting and attachment made up of hypostome and 4 accessory appendages
2 types of ticks
hard (Ixodidae)
soft (Argasidae)
hard covering of ticks
scutum
saliva of females can be ____ and cause____
toxic, cause paralysis
rocky mountain spotted fever tick
Dermacentor andersoni
pacific coast tick
Dermacentor occidentalis
australian paralysis tick
Ixodes holocyclus
wood tick
Dermacentor variabilis
soft tick ectoparasites of birds
Argas sp.
symptoms of Argas sp.
relentless, severe anemia and lack of productivity
soft ticks that live in sandy soils and shady areas around trees
Ornithodoros sp.
spinose ear tick, produce waxy exudate
Otobius megnini
mites that burrow or tunnel in epideris
Sarcoptidae
sarcoptic mange
Sarcoptes scabiei
burrowing mites that live in hair follicles and sebaceous glands of skin
Demodex sp
which type of mites causes pruritus
Sarcoptic
non-burrowing mites, live on surface of skin, feed on scale, hair and tissue fluids
Psoroptidae mites
species of Psoroptidae mites
Psoroptes, Chorioptes, and Otodectes
important species of mites in cattle
Chorioptes bovis
walking dandruff
Cheyletiella
lives in external ear canal, brownish-waxy exudate
Otodectes cynotis
canine pentastone
Linguatula serrata
phylum for segmented worms
Annelida
medicinal leeches
Hirudo medicinalis
invasion of attachment of leeches to skin
Hirudiniasis
