arthropoda Flashcards
metamerism
segmentation unique to arthropods
ecdysis
process of removing exoskeleton
subphylum trilobitomorpha/trilobites
An extinct group of arthropods
Went extinct during Permian-Triassic Extinction
Subphylum Chelicerata
merostomata and arachnida
merostomata
horseshoe crabs
arachnida
spiders, scorpions, ticks, mites
chelicerae
pincer or fangs for feeding
pedipalps
appendages near the mouth, second paired appendage
Enlarged “boxing gloves” in males
book gills
used for swimming and respiration, found in merostomata
book lungs
found in arachnida, adapted book gills for land
Malphighian tubules
excretory system working in tandem with rectal gland
periopods/pereiopods
five pairs of walking legs
chelipeds
modified anterior legs
subphylum crustacea
brachiopoda, copepoda, cirripedia, malacostraca
pleopods/swimmerets
leg-like appendages used for swimming, biramous
branciopoda
sea monkeys
copepoda
plankton
cirripedia
barnacles
malacostraca
Shrimps, crabs, lobsters, crayfish
serial homology
repeating legs on each segment, component of myriapods
subphylum myriapoda
chilopoda and diplopoda
chilopoda
centipedes
diplopoda
millipedes
subphylum hexapoda
insects
zygentoma
wingless insects
ametabolous
no metamorphasis
hemimetabolous
incomplete metamorphasis
holometabolous
complete metamorphasis
paleoptera
include odonata, wings developed outside of body
odonata
dragonflies
ommatidia
individual eye units on dragonflies
neoptera
new winged insects, can fold wings back
order orthoptera
Grasshoppers, crickets, katydids, locusts
Have chewing mouth parts due to herbivorous diet
Enlarged hind legs for jumping
Ears located on their front legs or abdomen
blattodea
Cockroaches and termites
Major pests
Termites are eusocial
Live in a caste system with a single queen
mantodea
Praying mantis
Modified raptorial forelimbs for prey capture
Ambush predators
Exhibit sexual canibalism
hemiptera
true bugs, Wings make an X along the back
Hoppers and jumpers (cicadas)
Aphids (mealy bugs whiteflies, scale insects)
Piercing and sucking mouthparts
Most feed on plant fluids
OFTEN HAVE ODOROUS GLANDS
order phasmida
Stick and leaf bugs
Elongated or flattened bodies
Herbivores
coleoptera
Beetles, fireflies, weevils
The first pair of wings was modified to become elytra
Protect wings while flying
Mouthparts for biting and chewing
order lepidoptera
Butterflies and moths
Wings covered by minute scales
Long, coiled mouthparts for feeding
Feathered antennae on some species of moths
order diptera
Flies and mosquitos
SINGLE pair of wings
Sucking mouthparts modified for sponging, lapping, or PIERCING
Halteres: modified hindwings to become inconspicuous balancers
hymenoptera
Bees, wasps, ants
Narrow wings
Mouthparts for lapping or biting
Stinger, piercer, saw
Social and solitary species
Important pollinators
