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Animal Bio Lab Test 2 > arthropoda > Flashcards

arthropoda Flashcards

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1
Q

What characteristics of arthropods ensured their survival and success?

A

stronger support systems, smaller body size, body systems that conserve water, ability to fly

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2
Q

What are some of the distinguishing characteristics of all arthropods?

A

segmented bodies, jointed appendages, and molting of cuticle (edysis, ecdysozoa)

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3
Q

How many tissue layers do arthropods possess, and what is the name of their body cavity?

A

they are triploblastic and their body cavity is the hemocoel

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4
Q

What type of circulatory system is found in arthropods?

A

open circulatory system

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5
Q

What is the nervous system like in arthropods?

A

dorsal brain with ventral nerve cord

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6
Q

What type of respiratory system is found in arthropods?

A

there are several different types of respiratory structures found within arthropods, including the book lungs (chelicerates such as spiders and horseshoe crabs) gills (crustaceans), or malpighian tubules (insecta)

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7
Q

What are the 4 main sub-phylums of arthropoda?

A

chelicerata, myriapoda, hexapoda, crustacea

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8
Q

What classes are found in chelicerata?

A

Merostomata (horseshoe crabs), Arachnida (spiders, scorpions, ticks)

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9
Q

What classes are found in sub-phylum myriapoda?

A

chilopoda (centipedes) and diplopoda (millipedes)

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10
Q

What class is found in sub-phylum crustacea?

A

malacostraca

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11
Q

What class is found in sub-phylum hexapoda?

A

insecta

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12
Q

What is tagmosis, a characteristic common to all members of arthropoda?

A

process by which segments in the animal body fused to form units called tagmata (ex: cephalothorax)

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13
Q

What is serial homology, a characteristic common to all members of arthropoda?

A

appendages are developed similarly but exhibit different functions

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14
Q

What type of digestive system is found in arthropods?

A

complete

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15
Q

What is the difference between chelicerae and pedipalps in chelicerates?

A

chelicerae are the first pair of appendages (typically claws or fangs) while pedipalps are the second, usually larger and more like the legs

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16
Q

What are some characteristics of hexapoda (class insecta)?

A

six legs (one pair on each segment of the thorax), one pair of antennae, uniramous (unbranched) appendages, typically 2 pairs of wings, and 9-11 segments in the abdomen

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17
Q

What is the function of the malpighian tubules found in insecta?

A

waste excretion but also retains water

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18
Q

What are the main feeding mouthparts found in class insecta?

A

siphoning, lapping, biting/chewing, sponging, piercing/sucking

19
Q

What type of mouthparts are found in butterflies?

A

siphoning

20
Q

What type of mouthparts are found in bees?

A

lapping

21
Q

What type of mouthparts are found in grasshoppers, cockroaches, termites, etc?

A

biting/chewing

22
Q

What type of mouthparts are found in house flies?

A

sponging

23
Q

What type of mouthparts are found in mosquitoes?

A

piercing/sucking

24
Q

What are some distinguishing characteristics of sub-phylum crustacea, class malacostraca?

A

biramous (branched) appendages, 2 pairs of antennae

25
Q

How can you tell the difference between diplopoda and chilopoda?

A

diplopoda possess a cylindrical body with 2 pairs of legs per segment, with the legs located under the body. chilopods possess a flattened body with 1 pair of legs per segment, located on the side of the body. diplopoda are herbivores, chilopoda are carnivorous

26
Q

What is the extinct group of arthropods called?

A

trilobites

27
Q

What is the function of spiracles in grasshoppers?

A

openings that connect to tracheal tubules for gas exchange and water loss prevention

28
Q

what is the function of the tympanum?

A

hearing

29
Q

How can you tell the difference between male and female grasshoppers?

A

female grasshoppers possess an ovipositor, which is used for burrowing into the soil to deposit eggs

30
Q

What is the function of the chelipeds found in crustaceans?

A

prey capture and defense

31
Q

What is the function of antennae found in crustaceans?

A

sensory organs for touch and taste. antennae are the longer pair, antennules are the shorter pair

32
Q

What is the function of mandibles?

A

chewing food

33
Q

How can you tell the difference between male and female crayfish?

A

males are typically larger in size and possess copulatory swimmerets. females possess a seminal receptacle

34
Q

What is the function of the gastric mill?

A

grind food in the stomach (teeth like)

35
Q

What is the function of the digestive glands?

A

enzymes for chemical breakdown of food

36
Q

What is the function of the green glands?

A

primitive kidneys for excretion

37
Q

What is the fusion of the head and thorax called?

A

cephalothorax

38
Q

What is the tail like appendage in horseshoe crabs called?

A

telson

39
Q

What is the function of the gastric caeca in grasshoppers?

A

enzymes for digestion

40
Q

What is the function of the proventriculus in grasshoppers?

A

grinding food

41
Q

what is the function of the ventriculus in grasshoppers?

A

enzymatic digestion

42
Q

What is the larval form exclusive to crustaceans called?

A

nauplius

43
Q

How can you tell the difference between a male and female horse shoe crab?

A

male horse shoe crabs possess boxing glove shaped pedipalps

44
Q
A

Animal Bio Lab Test 2 (5 decks)

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