Arthrology of the Forelimb Flashcards

1
Q

Collateral ligaments of the shoulder joint

A

The tendons of insertion of M. infraspinatus, M. supraspinatus and M. subscapularis

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2
Q

Lig glenohumerale laterale/mediale

A

Ligaments of the shoulder joint. Poorly developed thickenings of the fibrous part of the joint capsule

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3
Q

Transverse humeral ligament

A

Ligament of the shoulder joint. A collagenous thickening across the tendon of origin of m. biceps brachii at the intertubercular groove

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4
Q

The articulations of the Elbow joint

A

Humeroradial joint (Humeral capitulum and trochlea with head of Radius); Humeroulnar joint (Humeral trochlea with incisura trochlearis on the Ulna); Proximal Radioulnar joint (Circumferentia articularis radii with Incisura radialis on the Ulna)

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5
Q

Ligament collaterale cubiti lateraleqmediale

A

Ligaments of the elbow joint. Pronounced thickenings in the fibrous layer of the capsule. The beceps’ and brachialis’ tendons cover the distal portion of the medial collateral ligament

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6
Q

Ligament anulare radii

A

Ligament of the elbow joint. A thin band that runs transversely around the radius. It attaches to the lateral and medial coronoid processes of the Ulna. Lies deep to the collateral ligament

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7
Q

Ligament olecrani

A

Ligament of the elbow joint. An elastic ligament thet passes between the craniomedial aspect of the olecranon to the medial border of the olecrenon fossa

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8
Q

Ligament interosseum antebrachii

A

Ligament of the elbow joint. A condensation of collagenous tissue that units the radius and ulna proximally

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9
Q

Membrana interossea antebrachii

A

The dense membrane that connects the interosseus margins of the Radius and Ulna, forming the Radioulnar syndesmosis. It also separates between the exensor and flexor compartments of the forearm

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10
Q

Articulatio radioulnaris distalis

A

The distal radioulnar joint is formed between the circumferenca articularis ulnare and the incisura ulnaris of the Radius. Incorporated into the antebrachiocarpal joint.

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11
Q

Ligament radioulnare

A

Ligament of the distal radioulnar joint. This is a short lig. which tightly connects the cranial surfaces of the distal Radius and Ulna

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12
Q

Artriculations of the carpal joint

A

Antebrachiocarpal joint - most proximal, lies between the distal radius and ulna and the proximal row of carpal bones. Includes the distal radioulnar joint and the articulations of the accessory carpal bones; Middle carpal joint - lies between the proximal and distal rows of carpal bones; Carpometacarpal joint - most distal, lies between the distal row of carpal bones and the bases of the metacarpal bones. Includes the articulations between the bases of adjecent metacarpal bones

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13
Q

Fibrous joint

A

Without joint space; Little or no mobility

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14
Q

Cartilaginous joint

A

Without a joint space; limited mobility (streching, etc.)

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15
Q

Synovial joint

A

With a joint space; greater mobility

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16
Q

Synarthrosis

A

Another name for fibrous joint

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17
Q

Amphiarthrosis

A

Anoter name for cartilaginous joint

18
Q

Diarthrosis

A

Another name for synovial joint

19
Q

Syndesmoses

A

May include interosseus membrane. Example: Radius-Ulna

20
Q

Sutures

A

Between flat bones of the skull

21
Q

Gomphosis

A

Between tooth cementum and bone of dental alveoli

22
Q

Hyaline cartilage joint

A

Mostly temporary. Example: growing plates

23
Q

Fibrocartilaginous joint

A

Midline cartilage that connects two symetrical bones (Symphysis). Examples: Pelvis, Mandible

24
Q

Synostosis

A

Fusion of bones. Example: cow’s Radius and Ulna

25
Q

Simple joint

A

Between two bones

26
Q

Compound joint

A

More than two bones

27
Q

Complex joint

A

Two bones or more + articular disc (fibrocartilaginous)

28
Q

Gliding joint

A

Non-axial, plane. Example: vertebrates

29
Q

Hinge joint (ginglymus)

A

Movement axis vertical to the longitudinal axis of the bones. Allows flexion/extension. Example: Elbow joint

30
Q

Pivot joint

A

Rotation parrallel to the bone’s longitudinal axis. Example: between the the Radius and Ulna (head of radius can rotate). Mostly pronation/supination movement

31
Q

Sledge joint

A

Knee-cap

32
Q

Saddle joint

A

Opposite surfaces are reciprocally concave-convex. The joint is bi-axial and allows flexion/extension, abduction/adduction and circumduction without axial rotation. Example: The base of the thumb

33
Q

Condyloid/Elipsoid joint

A

An ovoid articular surface (condyle) that is recieved into an elliptical cavity. Permits movement in two planes: flexion/extension, abduction/adduction and circumduction (all of the others together)

34
Q

Spheroid joint

A

Also known as “Ball and Socket”. The ball-shaped surface of one bone fits into the cup-like depression of another. Capable of motion around an idefinite number of axes. Example: pelvic joint

35
Q

Ligament collateral carpi mediale

A

consists of two parts: the straight part runs from a tubercule above the radial styloid process to the most medial part of the intermedial carpal; the oblique part runs from the styloid process to the palmaromedial surface of the intermedioradial carpal

36
Q

Ligament collaterale carpi laterale

A

Extends from the ulnar styloid process to the ulnar carpal

37
Q

Extensor Retinaculum

A

Transversely oriented condensation of carpal fascia that aids in holding in grooves all the tendons that cross the dursum of the carpus

38
Q

Flexor retinaculum

A

Modification of the palmar part of the carpal fascia. Attaches laterally to the medial part of the enlarged free palmar end of the accessory carpal bone and passes medially to the styloid processes and the palmar projections of the intermedioradial and first carpals

39
Q

Carpal canal

A

Superficial border - superficial part of the flexor rtinaculum; Deep border - Palmar carpal fibrocartilage; Lateral border - the accessory carpal bone. Contains tendons and synovial sheaths, some veins and arteries and nerves.

40
Q

Metacarpophalangeal joint

A

Between the distal end of a metacarpal bone, the proximal end of P1 and one (in digit I) or two (in digits II-V) sesamoid bones

41
Q

Proxinal interphalangeal joint

A

Between the distal end of P1 and proximal end of P2. In digit I there is no P2, so this entire joint is missing

42
Q

Distal interphalangeal joint

A

Between the distal end of P2 (P1 in digit I) and the base of P3. Supported by the subcutaneous cushion of the digital pad