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Clinical Anatomy II > Arthrology: ligaments > Flashcards

Arthrology: ligaments Flashcards

1
Q

coracoclavicular function

A

stabilizes AC joint
limits medial displacement, protraction, and elevation of clavicle on scapula

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2
Q

trapezoid ligament attachment

A

coracoid process to trapezoid line of clavicle

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3
Q

conoid ligament attachment

A

coracoid process to conoid tubercle of clavicle

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4
Q

acromioclavicular ligament function

A

stabilizes AC joint

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5
Q

acromioclavicular ligament attachments

A

superior aspect of acromial end of clavicle to adjacent acromion

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6
Q

coracoacromial ligament function

A

prevents superior displacement of humeral head by forming coracoacromial arch

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7
Q

coracoacromial ligament attachment

A

lateral border of coracoid process to acromion adjacent to clavicular articulation

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8
Q

coracohumeral ligament function

A

reinforces superoanterior aspect of GH joint capsule
resists inferior glide of humerus on glenoid at 0° abduction

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9
Q

coracohumeral ligament attachments

A

base of coracoid process to anterior aspect of greater tubercle

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10
Q

costoclavicular ligament function

A

stabilizes SC joint
limits elevation of clavicle

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11
Q

costoclavicular ligament attachments

A

superior aspect of first rib cartilage to undersurface of clavicle

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12
Q

glenoid capsule attachment

A

circumference of glenoid cavity to anatomical neck of humerus

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13
Q

GH superior ligament function

A

resists inferior glide of humerus at 0° abduction
resists ER at 0° and 45° abduction

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14
Q

GH middle ligament function

A

resists anterior glide of humerus on glenoid
primary restraint against ER at 45° abduction

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15
Q

GH inferior ligament anterior band function

A

primary restraint against ER at 90° abduction
resists against IR at 45° and 90° abduction
resists inferior glide of humerus on glenoid fossa at 90° abduction

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16
Q

GH inferior ligament posterior band function

A

resists against shoulder IR at all angles of abduction (0, 45, 90°)
resists inferior glide of humerus on glenoid fossa at 90° abduction

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17
Q

GH ligament attachment

A

upper part of medial margin of glenoid cavity to lesser tubercle and anatomical neck of humerus

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18
Q

restraints to shoulder IR 0° abduction

A

posterior band GH inferior ligament

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19
Q

restraints to shoulder IR 45° abduction

A

anterior and posterior band IGHLC

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20
Q

restraints to shoulder IR 90° abduction

A

anterior and posterior band IGHLC

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21
Q

restraints to shoulder ER 0° abduction

A

subscapularis (primary)
SGHL

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22
Q

restraints to shoulder ER 45° abduction

A

SGHL
MGHL

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23
Q

restraints to shoulder ER 90° abduction

A

anterior band IGHLC

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24
Q

restraints to shoulder inferior glide 0° abduction

A

SGHL
coracohumeral ligament

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25
Q

restraints to shoulder inferior glide 90° abduction

A

IGHLC

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26
Q

ulnar collateral ligament function

A

resists excessive cubital valgus

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27
Q

ulnar collateral ligament attachment for anterior and posterior band

A

medial epicondyle humerus to coronoid process and olecranon

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28
Q

ulnar collateral ligament attachment of transverse band

A

originates and inserts on ulna

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29
Q

ulnar collateral ligament anterior band function

A

taut at terminal extension
primary restraint against valgus between 20-130°
secondary restraint at end range flexion beyond 120°

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30
Q

ulnar collateral ligament posterior band function

A

taut at >55° elbow flexion
secondary restraint against valgus at lesser degrees of flexion
equal co-restraint with anterior band at terminal flexion

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31
Q

ulnar collateral ligament transverse band

A

deepns socket in trochlea; no role in elbow stability

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32
Q

radial collateral ligament attachment

A

lateral epicondyle humerus to annular ligament

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33
Q

radial collateral ligament function

A

resists excessive cubital varus
consistent tension throughout arc of flexion
primary restraint against posterolateral instability; reduces risk of radial sublux

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34
Q

annular ligament attachment

A

anterior to posterior margin of radial notch, surrounding radial head

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35
Q

annular ligament function (3)

A

1 provides 80% articular surface of humeroradial joint

#2 stabilizes radial head during rotation allowing for pronation and supination
#3 stabilizes proximal radioulnar joint

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36
Q

interosseous membrane of forearm function

A

stability between radius and ulna
demarcates anterior versus posterior structures of forearm

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37
Q

interosseous membrane attachment

A

interosseous border of radius to interosseous border of ulna

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38
Q

transverse carpal ligament function

transverse carpal = flexor retinaculum of wrist

A

prevents bowstringing of flexor tendons (flexor pollicis longus, felxor digitorum superficialis, flexor digitorum profundus)
maintains carpal arch
protects median nerve

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39
Q

transverse carpal ligament attachment

A

pisiform and hook of hamate (ulnar side) to scaphoid and trapezium (radial side)

40
Q

radiocarpal ligament attachment

A

dorsal and palmar surface of distal radius to first two rows of carpal bones

41
Q

radiocarpal ligament function

A

stabilizes carpal bones on radius
RC dorsal ligs restrain wrist flexion
RC palmar ligs restrain wrist extension

42
Q

radial collateral ligament of wrist
function

A

restrain ulnar deviation

43
Q

radial collateral ligament of wrist
attachment

A

radial styloid process to scaphoid

44
Q

ulnar collateral ligament of wrist
function

A

restrain radial deviation

45
Q

ulnar collateral ligament of wrist
attachment

A

ulnar styloid process to triquetrum

46
Q

collateral ligaments of MCP joints
attachment

A

head of metacarpals to base of adjacent proximal phalanx

oblique orientation

47
Q

collateral ligaments of MCP joints
function

A

stabilize MCP joints
resists abduction and adduction (along with MC head)
max tension at 70°flexion

48
Q

MCP palmar (volar) plates ligament function

A

for extension, increases contact surface with MC head
for flexion, prevents tension pinching

49
Q

TFCC function (4)

A

major stabilizer of distal radioulnar joint (binds ulna and radius)
forms concavity/dual articular surface on ulnar side of wrist
separates radioulnar from radiocarpal joint
cushions ulnar sided force transmission

50
Q

TFCC components

A
  1. biconcave fibrocartilage disc
  2. palmar ulnocarpal ligament
  3. ulnar collateral ligament
51
Q

sacrotuberous ligament
attachment

A

posterior iliac spine and lateral margin sacrum to ischial tuberosity

52
Q

sacrospinous ligament attachment

A

ischial spine to lateral margin of sacrum

53
Q

fibrous joint capsule of FA
attachment

A

margin of acetabulum to the neck, intertrochanteric line, and intertrochanteric crest of femur

54
Q

iliofemoral ligament
attachment

A

AIIS to intertrochanteric line of femur

55
Q

iliofemoral ligament
function

A

limits hip extension, ER, IR
holds body weight balanced over femoral heads

56
Q

pubofemoral ligament
attachment

A

iliopubic eminence and superior pubic ramus to fibrous GH capsule

57
Q

pubofemoral ligament
function

A

restricts hip abduction, extension, ER

58
Q

ischiofemoral ligament attachment

A

ischium posterior to greater trochanter of femur and iliofemoral ligament

59
Q

ischiofemoral ligament function

A

restricts hip extension, IR, and adduction

60
Q

transverse acetabular ligament
attachment

A

interconnects margins of acetabular notch; closes off lunate surface of acetabulum

61
Q

fibrous capsule of knee
attachment

A

margins of femoral condyle to margins of tibial condyles

62
Q

tibial collateral MCL attachments

A

medial epicondyle of femur to medial condyle and shaft of tibia (deep to sartorius and pes anserine)

consists of superficial and deep layers; closely applied to joint capsule and medial meniscus

63
Q

tibial collateral MCL function

A

stabilizes medial aspect of knee
resists valgus force
secondary restraint to IR of tibia on femur

64
Q

fibular collateral LCL attachment

A

lateral epicondyle of femur to head of fibula

65
Q

fibular collateral LCL function

A

stabilizes lateral aspect of knee
resists varus force
secondary restraint to ER of tibia on femur

66
Q

anterior cruciate ligament ACL
attachment

A

medial part of anterior intercondylar area of tibia to posteromedial aspect of lateral femoral condyle

67
Q

anterior cruciate ligament ACL function

A

prevents anterior displacement of tibia on femur/posterior displacement of femur on tibia
prevents knee hyperextension
limits rotation of tibia on femur

68
Q

posterior cruciate ligament PCL attachment

A

posterior intercondylar area of tibia to lateral surface of medial condyle of femur

69
Q

posterior cruciate ligament function

A

prevents posterior displacement of tibia on femur/anterior displacement of femur on tibia

70
Q

medial meniscus attachment

A

anterior and posterior regions of intercondylar area of tibia and fibrous capsule of MCL

C-shaped
larger
attached to MCL and semimembranosus (via posterior oblique ligament)

71
Q

lateral meniscus attachment

A

anterior and posterior regions of intercondylar area of tibia

o-shaped
smaller

72
Q

anterolateral ligament ALL
attachment

A

lateral femoral epicondyle to proximal tibia

73
Q

anterolateral ligament ALL
function

A

stabilizer for IR
supports ACL to a degree

74
Q

oblique popliteal and arcuate popliteal ligaments

A

posterior knee ligaments
damaged with hyperextension and posterolateral injuries
typically heals on own

75
Q

mensci function

A

absorb shock
decrease friction
increase contact area
designed to distribute forces (hoop stress)
blood supply greatest at peripheral portion

76
Q

patellar ligament attachment

A

apex of patella to tibial tuberosity

77
Q

patellar ligament function

A

resists knee flexion
serves as component of extensor mechanism for quad mm to extend tibia on femur

78
Q

medial patellofemoral ligament
attachment

A

proximal 50% of medial patella to medial epicondyle of femur

79
Q

medial patellofemoral ligament
function

A

restrains against patellar lateral displacement
stabilizes patella

80
Q

crural interosseous membrane attachment

A

interosseous border of tibia to interosseous border of fibula

81
Q

crural interosseous membrane function

A

sabilizes distal tibiofibular joint

82
Q

talocrural fibrous capsule attachment

A

borders of articular surfaces of tibia and malleoli to margins of trochlear surface of talus

83
Q

deltoid collateral ligament attachments

A

medial malleolus to talus, navicular, and sustentaculum tali of calcaneus

84
Q

deltoid collateral ligament function

A

stabilize joint and resist forced eversion of talus, calcaneus, and navicular

85
Q

deltoid ligament components

A
  1. anterior tibiotalar ligament
  2. tibiocalcaneal ligament
  3. tibionavicular ligament
  4. posterior tibiotalar ligament
86
Q

anterior inferior tibiofibular ligament
function

A

stabilizes distal tibiofibular joint

87
Q

posterior inferior tibiofibular ligament
function

A

stabilizes sydesmosis between tibia and fibula

88
Q

anterior talofibular ATFL
attachment

A

anterior lateral malleolus of fibula to neck of talus

89
Q

posterior talofibular PTFL
attachment

A

malleolar fossa of fibula to lateral tubercle of talus

90
Q

anterior talofibular ATFL
function

A

resists talocrural inversion when in PF
resists anterior translation of talus

91
Q

posterior talofibular ATFL
function

A

resists talocrural inversion for neutral and DF

92
Q

calcaneofibular CFL
attachment

A

tip of lateral malleolus to lateral surface of calcaneus

93
Q

calcaneofibular CFL function

A

resists calcaneal/subtalar inversion

94
Q

plantar calcaneonavicular ligament (spring ligament) attachment

A

anterior margin of sustentaculum tali to plantar surface of navicular

95
Q

plantar calcaneonavicular ligament (spring ligament) function

A

supports medial longitudinal arch of foot
if ruptured = loss of medial long arch, inferior migration of talus

96
Q

long plantar ligament attachment

A

plantar surface of calcaneus and cuboid to plantar surface of MT base 3-5

97
Q

plantar calcaneocuboid (short plantar) ligament attachment

A

calcaneus to plantar surface of cuboid

deep to long plantar

Clinical Anatomy II (8 decks)

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